A Socio-technical Study of Electricity Demand, Efficiency and Flexibility in the Urban Housing Sector of Burkina Faso

布基纳法索城市住房部门电力需求、效率和灵活性的社会技术研究

• 批准号: EP/Y000935/1
• 负责人: Rory Jones
• 金额: $ 22.45万
• 依托单位: University of Reading
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FY000935%2F1
• 关键词: Socio; technical; Study; Electricity; Demand

Universal access to a secure electricity supply is essential for the economic development and welfare of the population of Burkina Faso. Rapid urbanisation and an increased use of air conditioning (AC) has led to an 8.4% annual increase in the country's electricity demand since 2010. The nation's generation capacity is unable to keep up, resulting in frequent power outages, and a 45% dependence on energy imports creating high and volatile costs for consumers.An uninterrupted and affordable electricity supply would increase household incomes; improve education of children; save time and money collecting alternative fuels, particularly for women; improve the productivity of businesses; and accelerate the installation of new electricity connections. These direct benefits would reduce current rates of social and economic poverty, unemployment, illiteracy and emigration in the country.Upgrading the country's electricity generation and supply system is a long-term challenge, but in the short-term, our project partners, the Government of Burkina Faso and national electricity utility, SONABEL, believe the implementation of demand side management (DSM) programmes (electricity efficiency and flexibility) in the housing sector (which accounts for 33% of national electricity use) would better balance supply and demand and unlock these beneficial development outcomes.The Government has also committed to reduce electricity demand and improve energy efficiency in homes to cut Green House Gas emissions and help mitigate the effects of climate change, a phenomenon that disproportionately effects the Sahel region where Burkina Faso is located and is itself further exacerbating electricity demand as households are increasingly using AC to stay cool.However, at present, there is almost no data on household electricity demand, efficiency or flexibility in Burkina Faso for a successful, evidence based implementation of DSM. The aims and objectives of this research and partnership building project will address this substantial gap in knowledge. The project has been developed collaboratively with the Government of Burkina Faso and SONABEL to ensure the research delivers the data and evidence they need. For the direct research, a socio-technical residential electricity study will be undertaken with 100 households in Ouagadougou. Field measurements of electricity demands and internal temperatures of homes will provide empirical insights into households' electricity load profiles, use of AC, time-of-use and peak loads. An efficiency and flexibility survey will be completed to understand households' current practices and opportunities for improving energy efficiency at home, as well as identifying load shifting and curtailment actions that households would be willing to implement to prevent power outages. Diversity in responses due to the socio-technical characteristics of the households and dwellings will be studied. Simultaneously a range of partnership building activities (e.g. research visits, project meetings, workshops, mini conference) will be undertaken. These are tailored to the stage of the project programme to either inform the delivery of the direct research or form a platform for discussion, dissemination and impact generation of the research findings. An international network of 6 Universities will be created where future research on energy and development challenges in Burkina Faso and other African countries will stem. The network will also act as a platform for ongoing mutually beneficial exchange of knowledge and skills. To deliver development impact within the project's life time, workshops with the Government and SONABEL will turn the research findings into evidence based recommendations to inform future policy and DSM programmes. Project partner GGGI will use their extensive network, to engage wider stakeholders and beneficiaries, so a range of routes to impact are achieved.

普遍获得安全电力供应对于布基纳法索人民的经济发展和福祉至关重要。快速的城市化和空调使用的增加导致自2010年以来该国的电力需求每年增长8.4%。该国的发电能力跟不上，导致频繁停电，45%的电力依赖能源进口给消费者带来高昂且不稳定的成本。不间断且负担得起的电力供应将增加家庭收入；改善儿童教育；节省收集替代燃料的时间和金钱，特别是对于女性而言；提高企业的生产力；并加快新电力连接的安装。这些直接效益将降低该国目前的社会和经济贫困、失业率、文盲率和移民率。升级该国的发电和供应系统是一项长期挑战，但从短期来看，我们的项目合作伙伴、政府布基纳法索电力公司和国家电力公司 SONABEL 认为，在住房部门（占全国用电量的 33%）实施需求侧管理 (DSM) 计划（电力效率和灵活性）将更好地平衡供需和释放这些有益的发展成果。政府还致力于减少电力需求并提高家庭能源效率，以减少温室气体排放并帮助减轻气候变化的影响，这种现象对布基纳法索所在的萨赫勒地区造成了不成比例的影响，由于家庭越来越多地使用空调来保持凉爽，这本身就进一步加剧了电力需求。然而，目前，布基纳法索几乎没有关于家庭电力需求、效率或灵活性的数据，以成功、有依据地实施 DSM。该研究和伙伴关系建设项目的目的和目标将解决这一巨大的知识差距。该项目是与布基纳法索政府和 SONABEL 合作开发的，以确保研究提供他们所需的数据和证据。为了进行直接研究，将对瓦加杜古 100 个家庭进行社会技术住宅电力研究。对电力需求和家庭内部温度的现场测量将为家庭电力负荷概况、交流电的使用、使用时间和峰值负荷提供经验见解。将完成效率和灵活性调查，以了解家庭当前的做法和提高家庭能源效率的机会，并确定家庭愿意采取的负荷转移和限电措施，以防止停电。将研究由于家庭和住宅的社会技术特征而导致的反应多样性。同时将开展一系列伙伴关系建设活动（例如研究访问、项目会议、研讨会、小型会议）。这些是根据项目计划的阶段量身定制的，以便为直接研究的交付提供信息，或者形成研究结果的讨论、传播和影响力产生的平台。将创建一个由六所大学组成的国际网络，未来将开展有关布基纳法索和其他非洲国家能源和发展挑战的研究。该网络还将充当持续互利的知识和技能交流的平台。为了在项目生命周期内产生发展影响，政府和 SONABEL 举办的研讨会将把研究结果转化为基于证据的建议，为未来的政策和 DSM 计划提供信息。项目合作伙伴 GGGI 将利用其广泛的网络，吸引更广泛的利益相关者和受益者，从而实现一系列影响途径。