Interface Engineering for Terawatt Scale Deployment of Perovskite-on-Silicon Tandem Solar Cells

硅基钙钛矿串联太阳能电池太瓦级部署的接口工程

• 批准号: EP/X037169/1
• 负责人: Ruy Bonilla Osorio
• 金额: $ 146.31万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX037169%2F1
• 关键词: Interface; Engineering; Terawatt; Scale; Deployment; Interface; Engineering; Terawatt; Scale; Deployment

Terawatt (TW) deployment of renewable energy is critical for the world to achieve net-zero emissions. Solar power is one of the most promising technologies for renewable electricity generation and has the largest available resource for exploitation. To boost solar electricity to TW levels, we must accelerate the development of new technologies enabling ever higher efficiencies. At present, the dominant silicon technology is close to reaching its practical efficiency limit. For higher performance to be unlocked, other semiconductor absorbers must be adopted in what is known as a tandem architecture: where two or more light absorbers are integrated on top of each other to make better use of high energy visible photons, reduce thermalisation losses and convert a higher fraction of the solar energy into electrical energy. Among such new absorbers, mixed organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite semiconductors have recently witnessed unprecedented progress and are the most promising technology to integrate into a tandem device. Significant advances have already been made integrating perovskites with silicon to make high efficiency tandems, but efforts so far have almost ubiquitously employed high-end silicon heterojunction rear cells, which do not represent the main-stream mass-produced Si PV technology. In this project, we will tackle the development of perovskite-on-silicon tandem solar cells based on the lowest cost "PERC" and "TOPCon" silicon cells. Our goal is to deliver a novel tandem technology with the potential to scale up to TW levels, due to moving away from the use of rare materials, and employing fully-scalable manufacturing methodologies, for both the silicon and perovskite cells. Enabling the vast installed capacity for silicon cell production to "upgrade" to perovskite tandem technology will accelerate deployment of perovskite-on-silicon tandems in a way that it is not yet possible with current designs. Most importantly, a shift towards scalable tandems will produce a step change in energy capture per metre square as high as 45%rel (from 24% to 35%abs), at a marginal extra cost. Because half the CO2 emissions of PV manufacturing come from silicon production, tandem higher efficiencies greatly reduce the carbon footprint per unit energy generated, potentially to the lowest level of any electricity generating technology to date.

Terawatt（TW）可再生能源的部署对于全球实现净零排放量至关重要。太阳能是可再生发电的最有希望的技术之一，并且具有最大的利用资源。为了将太阳能提高到TW级别，我们必须加快提高效率的新技术的开发。目前，主要的硅技术即将达到其实际效率限制。为了使较高的性能解锁，必须在所谓的串联体系结构中采用其他半导体吸收器：在彼此上将两个或多个光吸收器彼此集成在一起，以更好地利用高能可见光子，减少热量损失并将较高的太阳能分数转化为电能。在这样的新吸收器中，混合的有机金属金属卤化物钙钛矿半导体最近目睹了前所未有的进步，并且是整合到串联装置中的最有前途的技术。已经取得了重大进展，将钙钛矿与硅整合起来，以使高效率串联，但是到目前为止的努力几乎普遍使用了高端硅异质结的后细胞，这并不代表主流质量生产的SI PV技术。在这个项目中，我们将根据最低的成本“ PERC”和“ TopCon”硅细胞来解决钙钛矿链孔串联太阳能电池的发展。我们的目标是提供一种新型的串联技术，其潜力可能会远离稀有材料的使用以及对硅和钙钛矿细胞采用完全可观的制造方法，并采用完全可观的制造方法。使硅细胞生产的巨大安装能力可以“升级”到钙钛矿串联技术，将加速使用塞洛基 - 塞利康岛上的钙钛矿串联，以至于目前的设计尚无可能。最重要的是，向可伸缩串联的转变将使每米平方的能量捕获量高达45％（从24％到35％的ABS），并以边际额外的成本变化。由于光伏生产的一半二氧化碳排放来自硅的产量，因此较高的效率大大降低了产生的单位能量的碳足迹，这可能是迄今为止任何发电技术的最低水平。