New Route to Zero Carbon Hydrogen

零碳氢新途径

• 批准号: EP/X018172/1
• 负责人: Xiaodong Wang
• 金额: $ 25.77万
• 依托单位: Lancaster University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FX018172%2F1
• 关键词: New; Route; Zero; Carbon; Hydrogen

In order to decrease the environmental impact of humanity we need to rapidly move away from the use of fossil fuels both for energy and chemical production. Hydrogen is now being pursued as an alternative energy carrier since its use yields water as a by-product (as opposed to the carbon dioxide produced when a fossil fuel is used). The challenge is therefore how we obtain molecular hydrogen (i.e., H2) in a carbon neutral manner. The conventional route for hydrogen production is known as steam reforming. This process traditionally uses a fossil fuel (i.e., natural gas) as feedstock and is an energy intensive process and so results in considerable carbon dioxide emissions. Water splitting (2H2O = 2H2 + O2) has long been viewed as an alternative option for hydrogen production but still faces some challenges, such as the process cost. It is therefore highly desirable to develop further methods for hydrogen production. In this project, we are taking inspiration from nature and considering how the use of nature's catalysts (enzymes) can assist in the production of zero-carbon hydrogen. In order to achieve this, two distinct processes must work in harmony:Step 1: Hydrogen transfer from substrate to a cofactor by enzymatic dehydrogenation.Step 2: Release of hydrogen from the cofactor so that it can be recycled back into Step 1.The 'substrate' in Step 1 is a molecule which will have two hydrogen atoms removed as a proton (H+) and a hydride (H-) by an enzyme. The hydride will then be transferred to a cofactor (known as NAD+) to yield NADH, which temporarily holds the hydride. In order for the system to be cyclic, it is therefore vital to be able to remove the hydride so that the NAD+ cofactor is regenerated and in doing so, hydrogen will be produced (via the recombination of hydride and proton). This project will therefore look to explore the use of a catalyst for this particular step. A heterogeneous catalyst (i.e., a solid catalyst) is preferred for a number of reasons. Firstly, these materials are relatively well studied and understood, easy for scaling up. Secondly, since many catalysts are based on the use of expensive metals (e.g., platinum, rhodium, gold etc) it is important to be able to separate and reuse the catalyst to decrease cost and this is far more feasible with a heterogeneous/solid catalyst.In order for the process described above to be zero-carbon it is important that the so-called substrate (which is converted into a by-product) is chosen carefully. The substrates that will be explored will be from renewable sources (i.e., naturally produced alcohols, aldehydes, acids, sugars, and polyols, etc.) and chosen such that the by-product is in its own right a value-added chemical. In other words, this project will simultaneously target the production of the key energy carrier H2 in a zero-carbon manner whilst also offering a fossil fuel free route to certain chemical compounds.

为了减少人类的环境影响，我们需要迅速摆脱化石燃料的能源和化学生产。现在正在将氢作为替代能源载体追求，因为它的使用会产生水作为副产品（与使用化石燃料时产生的二氧化碳相反）。因此，挑战是我们如何以碳中性方式获得分子氢（即H2）。氢生产的常规途径称为蒸汽重整。传统上，这个过程使用化石燃料（即天然气）作为原料，是一个能源密集型过程，因此导致二氧化碳的大量排放。水分分裂（2H2O = 2H2 + O2）长期以来一直被视为氢生产的替代选择，但仍面临一些挑战，例如工艺成本。因此，非常需要开发进一步的氢生产方法。在这个项目中，我们从自然中汲取灵感，并考虑使用自然催化剂（酶）如何有助于生产零碳氢。为了实现这一目标，两个不同的过程必须与和谐相处：步骤1：通过酶促脱氢的氢从底物转移到辅因子。然后将氢化物转移到辅助因子（称为NAD+）中，以产生NADH，后者暂时容纳氢化物。为了使系统循环，至关重要的是能够去除氢化物，以便将NAD+辅因子再生并进行氢气（通过氢化物和质子的重组）进行再生。因此，该项目将旨在探索该特定步骤的催化剂的使用。由于多种原因，首选异质催化剂（即固体催化剂）。首先，这些材料的研究和理解相对较好，易于扩展。其次，由于许多催化剂是基于使用昂贵的金属（例如铂，hodium，黄金等）的使用，因此能够分开并重用催化剂来降低成本，并且在上面描述的过程中，该过程对零含量的含量进行了对碳的转换（构成了它的基础），这是一个非常重要的（在上面构成的，这是一个非常重要的选择），这是如此之重要，这是如此的选择（这是如此）。将要探索的底物将来自可再生能源（即自然产生的醇，醛，酸，糖和多醇等），并选择副产品本身就是一种增值化学物质。换句话说，该项目将以零碳的方式同时以关键能载体H2的形式生产，同时还为某些化合物提供无化石燃料的途径。

项目成果

Oxide-supported metal catalysts for anaerobic NAD+ regeneration with concurrent hydrogen production

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108737
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Chinese Chemical Letters
• 影响因子: 9.1
• 作者: Jianwei Li;Joseph W. H. Burnett;C. M. Macias;R. Howe;Xiaodong Wang