COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT IN HIGH-RISK AND NORMAL INFANTS

高风险和正常婴儿的认知评估

• 批准号: 3318752
• 负责人: MARC H BORNSTEIN
• 金额: $ 10.33万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 1990-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3318752
• 关键词: behavior test; child behavior; child psychology; cognition; human subject; intelligence; memory; neural information processing; premature infant human; psychometrics; socioeconomics

The goals of this research program are to analyze cognitive functions and to develop cognitive assessments that may identify and distinguish normal human infants and infants at-risk for developmental disability, such as mental retardation. Five studies systematically investigate four information-processing capacities in 5--6-month-old infants: habituation, recognition memory, novelty preference, and cross-modal transfer. Study 1, on psychometric characteristics, is designed (1) to assess the short-term reliability of each capacity, (2) to determine individual differences and variability in each, (3) to explore interrelations among the four, and (4) to assay how reliability and individual variability modulate with stimulus variation. Though these four capacities have been studied extensively, and their clinical utility implied, basic psychometric characteristics of the four are underresearched; moreover, they have not previously been examined conjointly in the same sample. Study 2, on origins, is designed to investigate endogenous and exogenous influences on individual differences among 5--6-month-old infants in the four information-processing capacities in terms of (1) infants' perceptual capacities at 1--2 months and (2) maternal didactic interaction styles at 1--2 months. Study 3, on concurrent correlates, is designed to determine associations between infant cognitive capacities at 5--6 months and (1) five dimensions of infant temperament and (2) maternal intelligence, socioeconomic status, and didactic interaction style. Study 4, on predictive validity, is designed to trace relations between cognitive capacities in 5--6-month-olds and their performance between 12 and 48 months (1) on the same cognitive measures, (2) on measures of language proficiency and psychometric intelligence, and (3) on associated cognitive measures like play and classification. Study 5, on clinical assessment, is designed (1) to compare cognitive capacities in infants born at-risk for cognitive disability against normal infants and (2) to establish the relative values of different indices for predicting cognitive deficit in high-risk and normal infants through longitudinal follow-up. This research addresses fundamental questions in perception and cognition, in infancy and human development, and in clinical psychology, psychiatry, and pediatrics. Answers to these questions will be of direct interest to defining the nature of cognitive dysfunction and to promoting remediation in high-risk populations of infants.

该研究计划的目标是分析认知功能和 开发可以识别和区分正常的认知评估 人类婴儿和有发育障碍风险的婴儿，例如 智力低下。 五项研究系统地调查了四项 5--6个月大婴儿的信息处理能力：习惯、 识别记忆、新奇偏好和跨模式转移。 研究 1，关于心理测量特征，旨在 (1) 评估 每种能力的短期可靠性，（2）确定个体 每个之间的差异和变异性，（3）探索之间的相互关系 四个，以及（4）分析可靠性和个体差异 通过刺激变化进行调节。 虽然这四种能力 进行了广泛的研究，其临床实用性意味着基本的心理测量学 这四者的特征尚未得到充分研究；而且，他们还没有 之前已在同一样本中联合检查过。 研究 2，关于起源，旨在研究内源性和外源性 5--6月龄婴儿个体差异的影响 四种信息处理能力（1）婴儿的知觉 1--2个月时的能力和（2）母亲的教学互动方式 1--2个月。 研究 3，关于并发相关性，旨在确定关联性 5--6个月婴儿认知能力与（1）五个维度之间 婴儿气质和（2）母亲智力、社会经济地位、 和教学互动风格。 研究 4，关于预测有效性，旨在追踪之间的关系 5--6个月大婴儿的认知能力及其在12岁之间的表现 和 48 个月 (1) 采用相同的认知测量，(2) 采用 语言能力和心理智力，以及（3）相关的 认知测量，例如游戏和分类。 研究 5，关于临床评估，旨在 (1) 比较认知能力 出生时有认知障碍风险的婴儿的能力与正常人相比 婴儿和（2）建立不同指数的相对值 通过预测高危婴儿和正常婴儿的认知缺陷 纵向随访。 这项研究解决了感知和认知的基本问题， 在婴儿期和人类发展以及临床心理学、精神病学、 和儿科。 这些问题的答案将直接引起人们的兴趣 定义认知功能障碍的本质并促进治疗 在婴儿的高危人群中。