H2-Heat: Thermal energy transport for heating and cooling with innovative hydrogen(H2) technologies

H2-Heat：利用创新的氢 (H2) 技术进行加热和冷却的热能传输

基本信息

批准号：
EP/T022760/1
负责人：
Yunting Ge
金额：
$ 126.81万
依托单位：
London South Bank University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT022760%2F1
关键词：
H2 Heat Thermal energy transport

项目摘要

In the UK, heat accounts for over a third of the nation's greenhouse gas emissions. Most of the heating and cooling in our industries and buildings are delivered directly or indirectly by fossil fuels. Apart from the greenhouse emissions, the extensive consumption of fossil fuels can also lead to a large depletion of energy resources, waste heat production and pollution to the surrounding environment. To meet the target of Net Zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, there is an urgent need for decarbonising heating and cooling by utilising renewable energy and industrial waste heat with advanced technologies. Compared to renewable energy such as solar, the resources from industrial waste heat have clear advantages including greater stabilisation, less cost and larger temperature ranges. Therefore, industrial waste heat recovery for decarbonised heating and cooling is an attractive concept that could simultaneously reduce fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Evidently, in the UK, based on a recent report, it was identified that around 48 TWh/yr industrial waste heat sources were available of which about 28 TWh/yr could be potentially used to meet the heating and cooling demands. All heat-intensive industrial sectors including iron & steel, refineries, ceramics, glass, cement, chemicals, food and drink, paper and pulp can contribute to this potential. Even so, high efficient energy conversion systems need to be designed and applied so as to maximize the waste heat utilisations for heating and cooling. On the other hand, the locations of industrial waste heat providers such as steel plants are mostly far away from the utilisers for heating and cooling. Conventionally, hot water heated by the industrial waste heat is transported through long distance water pipe to the end user site which can cause huge pump power consumption and heat losses due to significant friction pressure drop for the water flow and large temperature difference between water flow and ambient. There are therefore challenges to the long-distance waste heat transport and high-efficient and innovative energy conversion technologies for the decarbonising heating and cooling. To address these challenges, in this proposal, strategies for a novel concept of decarbonising district heating and cooling system (H2-heat) will be developed with the integration of metal hydride (MH) heat pump on site, long distance hydrogen and heat transport, and MH heating and cooling for end users. In such a system, low grade heat (~210C) and extra low grade heat (~40C) from TATA Steel plant or a similar industry site will be used as heat sources while building heating and cooling spaces are applied as heat sink and low temperature heat source respectively at end user side. Technologies of MH heat pump, a thermal driven chemical compressor with MH, long distance hydrogen and heat transport, MH space heating and cooling, MH alloys and reactors applied in the systems and processes, controls for space heating and cooling etc. will be identified and investigated. Ultimately, a decarbonising district heating and cooling test system with industrial waste heat from TATA Steel plant or other industrial sites will be constructed in lab with 5 kWth heating or cooling capacity and high heat transport efficiency. Furthermore, a detailed mathematical model will be developed and validated for the established system; this can be used for a system scale-up into actual application in TATA Steel plant or other industrial sites where low grade waste heat is available. As yet, no research activity on such a system can be found either nationally or internationally. Important reasons include the difficulty in choosing a thermal driven long distance hydrogen and heat transport system and associated MH alloys for space heating and cooling and complicated designs of MH reactors in the H2-heat system. These challenges and issues will be addressed and solved by this proposed project.

在英国，热量占美国温室气体排放的三分之一以上。化石燃料直接或间接地交付了我们行业和建筑物中的大多数供暖和冷却。除了温室的排放外，化石燃料的广泛消费也可能导致能源资源大量消耗，废热生产和对周围环境的污染。为了满足到2050年净零温室气体排放的目标，迫切需要使用高级技术利用可再生能源和工业废料来脱碳和冷却。与可再生能源（例如太阳能）相比，工业废物的资源具有明显的优势，包括更高的稳定，成本较小和温度范围更大。因此，用于脱碳和冷却的工业废物回收是一个有吸引力的概念，可以同时减少化石燃料消耗和二氧化碳排放。显然，在英国，根据最近的一份报告，可以确定有大约48个TWH/年工业废物热源可用，其中约有28/年的大约28个TWH/年有可能用于满足供暖和冷却需求。所有热密密集型工业部门，包括钢铁，炼油厂，陶瓷，玻璃，水泥，化学物质，食物和饮料，纸张和纸浆都可以促进这种潜力。即便如此，还需要设计和应用高效的能源转换系统，以最大程度地提高废热和冷却。另一方面，工业废物热提供商（例如钢厂）的位置大多远离供应和冷却的用户。通常，工业废料加热的热水通过长距离水管运输到最终用户站点，这可能会导致巨大的泵功耗和由于水流的摩擦压力下降而导致的热量损失，并且水流和环境之间的温度差异很大。因此，对于脱碳和冷却的长距离废物热传输以及高效和创新的能量转换技术面临挑战。为了应对这些挑战，在这项建议中，将通过在现场，长距离氢和热传输以及最终用户的MH供热和冷却的情况下，将开发出一种新的脱碳区加热和冷却系统（H2-HEAT）概念的策略。在这样的系统中，塔塔钢厂或类似行业地点的低级热量（〜210℃）和额外的低级热量（〜40c）将用作热源，同时将加热和冷却空间分别用作散热器和最终用户的低温热源。 MH热泵的技术是一种带有MH的热驱动化学压缩机，长距离氢和热传输，MH空间加热和冷却，在系统和过程中应用的MH合金和反应器，用于空间加热和冷却等的控制和调查。最终，将在实验室中建造一个脱碳区的供暖和冷却测试系统，该系统具有塔塔钢厂或其他工业地点的工业废热，具有5 kWth的供暖或冷却能力以及高热运输效率。此外，将为已建立的系统开发和验证详细的数学模型。这可用于系统扩展到塔塔钢厂或其他低级废热的工业地点的实际应用。到目前为止，在国内或国际上尚未找到有关此类系统的研究活动。重要的原因包括难以选择热驱动的长距离氢和热传输系统以及相关的MH合金用于空间加热和冷却以及H2-Heat系统中MH反应器的复杂设计。这些拟议项目将解决和解决这些挑战和问题。