DEVELOPMENT OF TRACE ATOMIC SPECTROMETRIC METHODS

痕量原子光谱方法的发展

• 批准号: 3294863
• 负责人: JAMES D WINEFORDNER
• 金额: $ 20.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3294863
• 关键词: atomic absorption spectrometry; fluorescence spectrometry; interferometry; lasers; trace elements

The research proposal involves the development of novel new or modified analytical atomic spectroscopic methods for either the selective measurement of extremely low concentrations of elements or isotopes of elements or the measurement of low concentrations of one or more elements with high detection power and selectivity and excellent linearity of response and precision while maintaining simplicity, versatility, and in some cases low cost of instrumentation. The research projects involve: (1) the measurement of spectral line profiles and the measurement of trace elements by means of temporal or spatial Fourier Transform Michelson interferometric systems; (2) the development of new light sources for existing fluorescence of atoms and ions in the inductively coupled plasma, ICP; the new sources include laser diodes and augmented hollow cathod lamps; also laser ablation as a means of solid sampling will be used; (3) the development and analysis of a coherent forward scattering spectrometer for multielement analysis with automatic background correction; (4) thermal evolution of stable organic and organometallic molecular species in biological samples with microwave plasma atomic emission measurement of all atomic species (C, H, S, N, O, etc.); (5) development of a novel non-dispersive atomic fluorescence spectrometric approach for the measurement of several atom types produces in flames or plasmas; (6) development of new, intense, stable electrodeless discharge lamps for atomic emission spectrometric determination of trace elements in small amounts of biological samples and their use as sources in atomic fluorescence spectrometry; (7) development of a laser microanalyzer to allow spatial measurements of small amounts of non-conducting materials, as biological tissues or trace analysis of elements in dried small volumes of solution samples, as blood; and (8) other spectroscopic studies including Doppler free atomic spectroscopy for trace levels of isotopes, a pulsed laser produced plasma in a combustion flame as a means of producing a high temperature plasma-emission system, and an optoimpedance means of detection of laser enhanced ionization in flames. In all these studies, the emphasis will be to design and evaluate by signal-to-noise ratios each system, to better understand the mechanism of response of each system, to determine analytical figures of merit of each system and to compare with conventional approaches, and to apply the optimized systems to trace species in biological materials.

研究计划涉及开发新的或新的 改进的分析原子光谱方法 选择性测量极低浓度 元素或元素同位素或低浓度的测量 具有高检测能力的一种或多种元素的浓度 和选择性以及出色的响应线性度和精度 同时保持简单性、多功能性，并且在某些情况下保持较低的成本 仪器仪表的成本。 研究项目包括：（1） 谱线轮廓的测量和测量 通过时间或空间傅里叶变换的微量元素 迈克尔逊干涉系统； (2)新开发 现有原子和离子荧光的光源 电感耦合等离子体，ICP；新的光源包括激光 二极管和增强型空心阴极灯；还有激光烧蚀 将使用固体取样方法； （三）发展与 相干前向散射光谱仪分析 带自动背景校正的多元素分析； (4)稳定有机物和有机金属的热演化 微波等离子体生物样品中的分子种类 所有原子种类（C、H、S、N、 O等）； (5)新型非色散原子的研制 荧光光谱法测量 几种原子类型在火焰或等离子体中产生； (6) 开发新型、强效、稳定的无电极放电灯 用于原子发射光谱法测定痕量 少量生物样品中的元素及其用作 原子荧光光谱法的来源； (7) 发展 激光显微分析仪可对微小物体进行空间测量 大量的非导电材料，如生物组织或 干燥小体积溶液中元素的痕量分析 样本，如血液； (8) 其他光谱研究，包括 用于痕量同位素的多普勒自由原子光谱， 脉冲激光在燃烧火焰中产生等离子体作为一种手段 生产高温等离子体发射系统，以及 光阻抗检测激光增强电离的方法 火焰。 在所有这些研究中，重点是设计和评估 每个系统的信噪比，以便更好地了解 每个系统的响应机制，以确定分析 每个系统的品质因数并与传统系统进行比较 方法，并应用优化的系统来追踪物种 在生物材料中。