Reduced Energy Recycling of Lead Acid Batteries (RELAB)

减少铅酸电池的能量回收 (RELAB)

• 批准号: EP/P004504/1
• 负责人: David Payne
• 金额: $ 165.07万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FP004504%2F1
• 关键词: Reduced; Energy; Recycling; Lead; Acid

The need to reduce energy demand is felt most keenly in the energy intensive industries (EEIs), of which the manufacturing of metals such as iron and steel, as well as non-ferrous metals, are a large constituent. The lead industry has in the last few decades developed effective processes for the recycling of metallic lead from (principally) lead acid batteries. The batteries are crushed (to remove the plastic), desulfurised, smelted and then refined to produce lead bullion which can be reused to make new batteries. Whilst very high rates of recycling are achieved, the entire process in very energy intensive, mainly from the milling and the smelting but also from the need to eliminate any lead-to-air emissions. Whilst the principles of this pyrometallurgical process have remained relatively unchanged for centuries, this proposal seeks to develop a novel solution-based electrochemical route to lead recycling using deep eutectic solvents (DESs).Deep eutectic solvents have been applied to a number of different technological applications, owing to their relatively low cost, ease of handling, low environmental impact and, most importantly, their ability to dissolve a wide range of inorganic compounds - including oxides. We propose to dissolve lead paste - from lead acid batteries - in DESs and design novel electrochemical cells for the extraction of high purity metallic lead. This will be done in conjunction with Envirowales Ltd, a lead-acid battery recycler, as our project partner.The main objective of the project is to develop a new electrochemical technology for lead-acid battery recycling based on a solution-based processing. We aim to understand the behaviour of speciation of Pb within the solvent, as well as the effects of secondary cations and electrode poisoning. We aim to design and build a number electrochemical cells (from bench-top to pilot plant prototype), that will replace the smelting steps in the current high temperature process. This will be supported by accurate total energy modelling of the current pyrometallurgical process with which to benchmark our energy gains by switching to the new technology. We envisage that not only will this technology have a lower overall energy demand, but will also be cleaner, due to a significant reduction in lead-to-air emissions.

能源密集型产业（EEI）最迫切地需要减少能源需求，其中钢铁等金属以及有色金属的制造是其中的重要组成部分。过去几十年来，铅工业开发了从（主要是）铅酸电池中回收金属铅的有效工艺。电池经过粉碎（去除塑料）、脱硫、熔炼，然后精炼生产出可重复使用来制造新电池的铅块。虽然实现了非常高的回收率，但整个过程的能源消耗非常大，主要来自研磨和熔炼，但也需要消除任何铅向空气的排放。虽然这种火法冶金工艺的原理几个世纪以来相对保持不变，但该提案旨在开发一种新型的基于溶液的电化学路线，以使用低共熔溶剂 (DES) 进行铅回收。低共熔溶剂已应用于许多不同的技术应用，由于其成本相对较低、易于处理、对环境影响较小，最重要的是，它们能够溶解多种无机化合物（包括氧化物）。我们建议将铅酸电池中的铅膏溶解在 DES 中，并设计新型电化学电池来提取高纯度金属铅。这将与我们的项目合作伙伴铅酸电池回收商 Envirowales Ltd 合作完成。该项目的主要目标是开发一种基于溶液处理的新型铅酸电池回收电化学技术。我们的目标是了解溶剂中铅形态的行为，以及二次阳离子和电极中毒的影响。我们的目标是设计和建造多种电化学电池（从台式到中试工厂原型），以取代当前高温工艺中的熔炼步骤。当前火法冶金过程的准确总能量建模将支持这一点，通过转换到新技术来衡量我们的能量增益。我们预计，由于铅向空气的排放量显着减少，该技术不仅总体能源需求较低，而且更加清洁。

项目成果

Evaluation of N,N,N-Dimethylbutylammonium Methanesulfonate Ionic liquid for electrochemical recovery of lead from lead-acid batteries

N,N,N-二甲基丁基甲磺酸铵离子液体电化学回收铅酸电池铅的评价

• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137893
• 发表时间: 2021-02-12
• 期刊: Electrochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 6.6
• 作者: Sze;Franky E. Bedoya;J. Hallett;G. Kelsall
• 通讯作者: G. Kelsall

Electrodeposition of lead from methanesulfonic acid and methanesulfonate ionic liquid derivatives

甲磺酸和甲磺酸盐离子液体衍生物电沉积铅

• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136460
• 发表时间: 2020-09-01
• 期刊: Electrochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 6.6
• 作者: Sze;J. Hallett;G. Kelsall
• 通讯作者: G. Kelsall

Developments in electrochemical processes for recycling lead-acid batteries

铅酸电池回收电化学工艺的进展

• DOI: http://dx.10.1016/j.coelec.2019.04.023
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry
• 影响因子: 8.5
• 作者: Tan S

Lead acid battery recycling for the twenty-first century.

二十一世纪的铅酸电池回收。

• DOI: http://dx.10.1098/rsos.171368
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Royal Society open science
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Ballantyne AD