RS Fellow - EPSRC grant (2016): Investigating Measurement Incompatibility in Quantum Theory

RS 研究员 - EPSRC 资助 (2016)：研究量子理论中的测量不兼容性

基本信息

批准号：
EP/R00644X/1
负责人：
Paul Skrzypczyk
金额：
$ 33.57万
依托单位：
University of Bristol
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FR00644X%2F1
关键词：
RS Fellow EPSRC grant 2016

项目摘要

One of the most famous predictions of quantum theory is Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, which says that the uncertainty in the position of an object, multiplied by the uncertainty in its momentum, is fundamentally constrained, to never be smaller than half the reduced Planck constant, one of the fundamental constants of nature. This is one of the striking consequences of the so-called incompatibility of the measurements of position and momentum, that it is impossible, at a fundamental level, to ever devise a way to measure the position and the momentum of an object at the same time.Measurement incompatibility is a generic feature of quantum measurements, and one of the basic features of quantum theory. It is one of the places where a complete departure from classical physics occurs. Although seemingly a limitation, it in fact opens up the possibility of many fascinating new effects, not least the nonlocal effects of quantum theory, whereby measurements on one system seemingly affect - instantaneously - distant systems, in a way which defies classical explanation.In this project I plan to investigate some of the fascinating problems concerning measurement incompatibility that remain open, especially those which relate to the nonlocality that such measurements can generate, and questions motivated by quantum information theory, where one uses quantum effects to process information in ways which are impossible classically.In particular, it is still unknown if every set of incompatible measurements leads to quantum nonlocality, or if additional properties of the measurements are required, a basic structural question. Moreover, the role that measurement incompatibility plays in quantum networks involving many parties is little explored, but very relevant from a quantum information perspective. Quantum measurements also necessarily disturb the system being probed. How the amount of disturbance relates to incompatibility is not well understood, and warrants further investigation. Finally, even when measurements are in principle compatible, the way in which they can be measured simultaneously can be extremely complex. Understanding which compatible measurements are the most complicated, or how to devise less complex methods to measure them are interesting problems.Answering these fascinating questions will surely improve our understanding of quantum measurements, and open to door to further investigation.

量子理论最著名的预测之一是海森堡的不确定性原理，该原理说，物体位置的不确定性（乘以其动量的不确定性）是从根本上受到限制的，从来都不是降低普朗克常数的一半，这是自然界的基本常数之一。这是位置和动量测量的所谓不兼容性的引人注目的后果之一，从根本上讲，不可能设计出一种同时衡量对象的位置和动量的方法，而量子效应不相容性是量子测量的一般特征，并且是量子理论的基本特征的一般特征。这是完全偏离古典物理学的地方之一。尽管似乎是一个限制，但实际上，它实际上打开了许多引人入胜的新效果的可能性，尤其是量子理论的非局部效应，即测量在一个系统上的测量似乎是瞬间影响的 - 瞬间 - 遥远的系统，这种方式违反了经典的解释。在这个项目中，我计划在那些既可以均无态度的不可接受的态度，尤其是那些与之相关的，尤其是那些与之相关的，尤其是与之相关的，尤其是与之相关的，尤其是与之相关的，尤其是与之相关的，尤其是与之相关的，尤其是与之相关的，该项目的构成不可接受的不合格，该项目的不合格是不合时宜的，该项目的不合格是不稳定的。以及以量子信息理论为动机的问题，其中人们使用量子效应以经典的方式处理信息。尤其是，仍然未知是否每套不兼容的测量结果导致量子非局部性，或者是否需要测量的其他属性，这是一个基本的结构问题。此外，在涉及许多当事方的量子网络中测量不兼容的作用很少探索，但从量子信息的角度来看非常相关。量子测量还必须干扰所探测的系统。障碍的数量与不兼容的关系尚未充分理解，并需要进一步调查。最后，即使原则上的测量值兼容，可以同时测量它们的方式也可能非常复杂。了解哪些兼容测量结果是最复杂的，或者如何设计较少复杂的方法来衡量它们是有趣的问题。解决这些有趣的问题肯定会改善我们对量子测量结果的理解，并开放对进一步研究的开放。