High resolution mapping of performance and degradation mechanisms in printable photovoltaic devices

可印刷光伏器件性能和退化机制的高分辨率绘图

基本信息

批准号：
EP/M025020/1
负责人：
Jenny Nelson
金额：
$ 131.99万
依托单位：
Imperial College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FM025020%2F1
关键词：
resolution mapping performance degradation mechanisms

项目摘要

PV materials that can be processed from solution at low temperature offer a route to low cost and low emebedded energy PV modules with potential for integration into buildings and other infrastructure to generate clean electricity on a large scale. Organic PV (OPV) has attracted intense research interest; impressive improvements in efficiency and in fabrication knowhow have been demonstrated. Lead halide perovskites solar cells (PSC) are based on a newly rediscovered active layer material and have shown radical improvements in start-of-life efficiency with recent optimisation of device structure and processing. However both technology types are challenged by losses in power conversion efficiency under operation, even though they are believed capable of stabilised efficiency of 15-20%. The limited operational stability of such devices inhibits their widespread commercial application. To overcome this there is a need to understand the sources of efficiency loss, both at start-of-life and during ageing in typical operating environments. Until now, most studies of novel PV device stability have amounted to empirical studies of the evolution of performance parameters for different materials or device structures in different environments, and scientific attention has focussed largely on the oxidative stability of the photoactive layer. Relatively little attention has been paid to the electrodes and interlayers, even though these layers are often the first to fail and additionally they are partly responsible for protecting the active layers. In addition, most performance metrics probe the macroscopic device performance and although imaging methods have been used to observe heterogeneous material properties during ageing mapping techniques have not yet been used to provide detailed insight into the chemical, electrochemical and physical mechanism of current and voltage loss. This proposal seeks to develop a set of interlinked experimental techniques to probe the basic mechanisms underpinning device degradation and failure in two leading classes of printable photovoltaic (PV) materials, organic photovoltaics (OPV) and organohalide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Our approach is to develop and adapt two-dimensional mapping techniques that probe the local chemical and electronic state of the materials and combine them with device-scale electrical measurement, structural characterisation and modelling in order to analyse the degradation mechanisms, to identify the local conditions that lead to degradation and to design strategies to inhibit the progression of failure mechanisms. The mapping tools will be developed with the potential to be applied during module manufacture and quality control.

可以在低温下从溶液中加工的光伏材料为低成本、低嵌入式能源光伏模块提供了一条途径，有可能集成到建筑物和其他基础设施中以大规模产生清洁电力。有机光伏（OPV）引起了人们强烈的研究兴趣；效率和制造技术方面的显着改进已经得到证实。卤化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）基于新发现的活性层材料，并且通过最近对器件结构和工艺的优化，在使用寿命开始时的效率得到了根本性的提高。然而，这两种技术类型都面临着运行中功率转换效率损失的挑战，尽管它们被认为能够稳定在 15-20% 的效率。此类设备有限的操作稳定性限制了其广泛的商业应用。为了克服这个问题，需要了解效率损失的来源，无论是在典型操作环境中的使用寿命开始还是老化期间。到目前为止，大多数新型光伏器件稳定性的研究都是对不同材料或器件结构在不同环境下性能参数演变的实证研究，科学注意力主要集中在光敏层的氧化稳定性上。人们对电极和中间层的关注相对较少，尽管这些层通常是最先失效的，而且它们还部分负责保护有源层。此外，大多数性能指标都会探测宏观器件性能，尽管成像方法已用于观察老化期间的异质材料特性，但绘图技术尚未用于提供对电流和电压损失的化学、电化学和物理机制的详细了解。该提案旨在开发一套相互关联的实验技术，以探讨有机光伏（OPV）和有机卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）这两类领先的可印刷光伏（PV）材料中器件退化和故障的基本机制。我们的方法是开发和采用二维测绘技术，探测材料的局部化学和电子状态，并将其与设备规模的电气测量、结构表征和建模相结合，以分析降解机制，识别局部条件导致退化并设计策略来抑制失效机制的进展。开发的绘图工具将有可能在模块制造和质量控制过程中应用。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Reconciling models of interfacial state kinetics and device performance in organic solar cells: impact of the energy offsets on the power conversion efficiency.

DOI：
10.1039/d1ee02788c
发表时间：
2022-03-16
期刊：
Energy & environmental science
影响因子：
32.5
作者：
Azzouzi M;Gallop NP;Eisner F;Yan J;Zheng X;Cha H;He Q;Fei Z;Heeney M;Bakulin AA;Nelson J
通讯作者：
Nelson J

Dark electrical bias effects on moisture-induced degradation in inverted lead halide perovskite solar cells measured by using advanced chemical probes