Advanced Measurement, Modelling and Utilisation of Bouncing and Jumping Loading Induced by Groups and Crowds

团体和人群引起的弹跳和跳跃负载的高级测量、建模和利用

基本信息

批准号：
EP/K036378/1
负责人：
Vitomir Racic
金额：
$ 12.6万
依托单位：
University of Sheffield
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FK036378%2F1
关键词：
Advanced Measurement Modelling Utilisation Bouncing

项目摘要

Prediction of dynamic loads induced by groups or crowds of people remains one of the most significant problems faced by designers of vibration-sensitive structures such as footbridges, dance floors, grandstands and staircases. Structural engineers understand other key dynamic loads, such as seismic and wind, comparatively well due to decades of research leading to comprehensive and robust guidance, but understanding of dynamic loads due to multiple active people lags by several decades. The lack of understanding and resulting inadequate guidance not only leads to economic costs and unnecessary carbon emission but also results in safety concerns related to crowd panic due to unexpected and unfamiliar structural motion induced by occupants. Moreover, design mistakes of highly visible landmark structures, such as sport stadia and footbridges in urban environments, attract significant publicity (e.g. London Millennium Bridge and Cardiff Millennium Stadium) and a bad reputation for their designers and the construction industry. The aim of this project is to improve the fundamental understanding of group and crowd loading due to bouncing and jumping. This will be addressed through the following three developments:1. Establishing a unique database of bouncing and jumping loads generated by groups of various sizes. The project aims to address this challenge by a novel experimental approach which combines laboratory and field studies of directly measured loads and tracking motion of each group member. This requires a cross-disciplinary approach, with deep understanding of motion tracking, computing and a comprehensive range of hardware.2. Developing a new generation of data-driven, statistically reliable and practicable models which can predict reliably the effect of jumping and bouncing groups and crowds on civil structures. As vibration serviceability criteria governs modern design, a key goal of the project is to provide analytical tools for a time efficient probability based vibration serviceability assessment of a structure at the design stage. Such tools will help to achieve a perfect balance between dynamic performance, associated risk and uncertainty, aesthetics, cost and carbon footprint of a future structure. 3. Providing a solid platform for development of scientifically rational design guidance for vibration serviceability assessment of structures under jumping and bouncing crowd excitation, which is not overly conservative as a result of uncertainties in the loading. The latest design guidance on crowd dynamic loading of grandstands was published in 2008, so the timing of the project is perfect. The UK leads internationally in design for vibration serviceability with growing international acceptance of UK-originated guidance and the ultimate aim of the project is to maintain this leadership. Results will impact not only understanding of how active people affect dynamic performance of structures but will also benefit the wider communities where human periodic activities are important, such as psychology of mass behaviour and public safety.

群体或人群引起的动态载荷的预测仍然是振动敏感结构的设计师（例如足迹，舞蹈地板，看台和楼梯）所面临的最重要的问题。结构工程师了解其他关键的动态载荷，例如地震和风，由于数十年的研究导致了全面和强大的指导，但由于多个活跃的人落后了几十年，因此对动态负载的理解相对较好。缺乏理解和导致的指导不仅会导致经济成本和不必要的碳排放，而且由于居民引起的意外和不熟悉的结构运动而引起的安全问题与人群恐慌有关。此外，设计错误的地标结构的设计错误，例如运动体育场和城市环境中的人行道，吸引了大量宣传（例如，伦敦千禧桥和加的夫千禧体育场），对其设计师和建筑业的声誉不佳。该项目的目的是提高由于弹跳和跳跃而引起的对群体和人群负荷的基本理解。这将通过以下三个发展解决：1。建立一个独特的数据库，这些数据库由各种大小的组产生的弹跳和跳跃负载。该项目旨在通过一种新型的实验方法来应对这一挑战，该方法结合了实验室和直接测量负载和跟踪运动的现场研究。这需要跨学科的方法，深入了解运动跟踪，计算和全面的硬件范围2。开发新一代的数据驱动，统计上可靠和可行的模型，可以可靠地预测跳跃和弹跳群体和人群对民用结构的影响。由于振动可服务性标准控制着现代设计，该项目的关键目标是为基于时间效率的振动可服务性评估在设计阶段提供分析工具。这样的工具将有助于在动态性能，相关风险和不确定性，美学，成本和未来结构的碳足迹之间取得完美的平衡。 3。为开发科学理性设计指南提供了一个坚实的平台，以评估跳跃和弹跳人群激发下的结构的振动可服务性评估，由于负载中的不确定性，这并不是过分保守的。关于看台的人群动态负载的最新设计指南于2008年发布，因此该项目的时机非常完美。英国在国际设计方面领导着振动可服务性，国际越来越多地接受英国灌输指导，该项目的最终目的是维持这一领导才能。结果不仅会影响对活跃人士如何影响结构的动态性能的理解，而且还会使人类周期性活动很重要的更广泛社区，例如大规模行为和公共安全心理学。