Integrated safety strategies for onboard hydrogen storage systems

车载储氢系统的综合安全策略

• 批准号: EP/K021109/1
• 负责人: Dmitriy Makarov
• 金额: $ 123.66万
• 依托单位: University of Ulster
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FK021109%2F1
• 关键词: Integrated; safety; strategies; onboard; hydrogen

This proposal is focused at the main unresolved technological safety issues for hydrogen-powered vehicles, i.e. the fire resistance of onboard hydrogen storage. There are about 15,500 accidental car fires in Great Britain annually (Fire statistics. Great Britain, 2010-2011). The most widespread for car use Type 4 tanks are made of carbon-fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) and can stand in fire up to 6.5 minutes before catastrophic failure. To "prevent" catastrophic failure of tank in a fire it is equipped by temperature-activated pressure relief device (TPRD) with currently typical orifice diameter of about 5 mm. A release from 70 MPa storage tank from such TPRD produces a flame of up to 15 m long and separation distance to "no harm" criteria of 70 C of about 50 m. Moreover, due to so-called pressure-peaking effect a typical garage will be destroyed by such a release (about 300-400 g/s) in 1-2 seconds. Use of such onboard storage excludes evacuation of people from the car or safeguarding of people from the car by first responders. To reduce mass flow rate through TPRD and reduce flame jet length would require increased level of fire resistance of Type 4 tanks from today's 1-7 minutes to about or more than 30 minutes.The project aims to develop novel safety strategies and engineering solutions for onboard storage of hydrogen. This aim will be achieved through realisation of the following objectives (work packages, leading partner is indicated):- Hazard identification study and risk assessment (Kingston University (KU))- Critical analysis of current safety strategies and engineering solutions (University of Ulster (UU))- Numerical parametric study of potential fire attacks from adjacent vehicles (including gasoline vehicles) on road or in car parks (KU). - Numerical parametric study of conjugate heat transfer from fire to storage tanks of different design and extent of fire protection by CFD technique, including IP of the University of Ulster in the field (UU)- Parametric finite element analysis to simulate response of tanks of different design to external fire (KU)- Experimental study of prototype designs to increase fire resistance of onboard storage without and with PRD (UU)- Numerical simulations to evaluate the reduction in mass flow rate achievable with the proposed increase of cylinder fire resistance (KU). - Novel storage and safety solutions, including materials for a liner (University of Bath)- Development of engineering criteria of tank failure to formulate requirements to testing protocol (UU)- Effect of safety strategies and novel engineering solutions on socio-economical aspects of hydrogen economy (UU).The research will start with hazard identification study to assess the potential risks involved. Numerical simulations (fire dynamics CFD and structural analysis FEM) will be conducted on the basis of the proposed enhancement of cylinder fire resistance to evaluate the achievable reduction in mass flow rate. Experimental testing will be undertaken for validation of numerical simulations. Based on numerical and experimental studies the testing protocol for fire resistance of onboard storage tanks will be developed. The research will also include the use of materials efficient for hydrogen storage as a tank liner. Socio-economical study will crown the project outputs, translating the engineering safety strategies and solutions, such as higher fire resistance, lower mass flow rate through TPRD, shorter separation distance, provisions of life safety and property protection, into economical equivalents, e.g. cost of land use, insurance cost, etc. The output of this multi-disciplinary project will aim to inform wider public to underpin acceptance of HFC technologies. The project is complimentary to the EPSRC SUPERGEN Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Hub. Collaborators on this project include leading in the field experts and organisations from all over the globe: UK, USA, France, China, Korea.

该提案集中在主要未解决的氢能车辆的未解决的技术安全问题上，即车载氢存储的防火性。每年在英国大约有15,500起意外的汽车大火（火灾统计数据，英国，2010- 2011年）。最广泛的汽车使用4型储罐是由碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）制成的，可以在灾难性衰竭前长达6.5分钟站起来。为了“防止”储罐在火中的灾难性故障，它由温度激活的压力缓解装置（TPRD）配备，目前典型的孔口直径约为5 mm。从70 MPa储罐的释放，从这种TPRD释放的火焰长达15 m，分开距离为70 c的“无伤害”标准约为50 m。此外，由于所谓的压力通风效应，典型的车库将在1-2秒内被这样的释放（约300-400 g/s）摧毁。使用此类在船上的存储空间不包括从汽车中撤离人员或急救人员从汽车上保护人们。为了降低通过TPRD的质量流量并减少火焰喷射长度将需要从当今的1-7分钟到大约30分钟或大约30分钟以上4型储罐的防火性水平。该项目旨在制定新颖的安全策略和工程解决方案，以便在船上存储氢。将通过实现以下目标（指示工作包，领先的合作伙伴）来实现此目标： - 危险识别研究和风险评估（Kingston University（KU）） - 对当前安全策略和工程解决方案的批判性分析（ULSTER（UU UU）（UU UNIOMYSILIC） - 数值的数值研究对相邻汽车的潜在火灾攻击（包括Gasoline Vehicles（包括Gasoline Veals）的潜在火灾攻击（包括汽油）（包括汽油）（包括KAR Parks）。 - 通过CFD技术从火化到不同设计和防火范围的连接热传递到储罐的数值参数研究，包括现场Ulster University of Ulster（UU） - 参数有限元分析，以模拟不同设计对外部火灾设计的储罐的响应（KU） - 不得评估PROTITAR sosite inter-note and note and press of and Prd and prd offore and prd的实验研究 - 可以通过提议的增加气缸火力（KU）来达到的流速。 - 新颖的存储和安全解决方案，包括衬里的材料（浴缸大学） - 坦克的工程标准未能提出测试协议的要求（UU） - 安全策略和新型工程解决方案对氢经济（UU）社会经济方面（UU）的影响。研究将始于危害识别研究以评估涉及潜在风险的危害识别研究。数值模拟（火力动力学CFD和结构分析FEM）将根据提议的增强缸火力耐药性进行，以评估可实现的质量流量减少。将进行实验测试以验证数值模拟。基于数值和实验研究，将开发出机上储罐的火力阻力的测试方案。该研究还将包括将材料有效地用作储罐衬里的材料。社会经济研究将加冕项目的产出，将工程安全策略和解决方案转化，例如较高的火灾阻力，通过TPRD较低的质量流量，较短的分离距离，生命安全和财产保护的规定，例如。土地使用成本，保险费用等。这个多学科项目的产出将旨在告知更广泛的公众接受HFC技术的接受。该项目与EPSRC超级氢和燃料电池轮毂相称。该项目的合作者包括全球领域专家和组织的领导：英国，美国，法国，中国，韩国。

项目成果

Risk assessment methodology for onboard hydrogen storage

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.01.195
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
• 影响因子: 7.2
• 作者: M. Dadashzadeh;S. Kashkarov;D. Makarov;V. Molkov

Non-adiabatic blowdown model: a complimentary tool for the safety design of tank-TPRD system

非绝热排污模型：坦克-TPRD系统安全设计的补充工具

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Dadashzadeh M.

Hydrogen Adsorption in Metal-Organic Framework MIL-101(Cr)-Adsorbate Densities and Enthalpies from Sorption, Neutron Scattering, In Situ X-ray Diffraction, Calorimetry, and Molecular Simulations

• DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.1c01196
• 发表时间: 2021-08-10
• 期刊: ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Bimbo, Nuno;Zhang, Kang;Ting, Valeska P.
• 通讯作者: Ting, Valeska P.

High volumetric and energy densities of methane stored in nanoporous materials at ambient temperatures and moderate pressures

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2015.02.088
• 发表时间: 2015-07-15
• 期刊: CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 15.1
• 作者: Bimbo, Nuno;Physick, Andrew J.;Mays, Timothy J.
• 通讯作者: Mays, Timothy J.

High-pressure adsorptive storage of hydrogen in MIL-101 (Cr) and AX-21 for mobile applications: cryocharging and cryokinetics

• DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.10.069
• 发表时间: 2016-01
• 期刊: Materials & Design
• 影响因子: 8.4
• 作者: Nuno Bimbo;Wesley Xu;J. Sharpe;V. Ting;T. Mays