Quantum dynamics of low-dimensional atomic Fermi gases

低维原子费米气体的量子动力学

基本信息

批准号：
EP/J01494X/1
负责人：
Michael Kohl
金额：
$ 60.14万
依托单位：
University of Cambridge
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ01494X%2F1
关键词：
Quantum dynamics low dimensional atomic

项目摘要

Since the discovery of superconductivity a century ago, correlated quantum many-body systems have evolved from a scientific peculiarity to key components of commercially available devices such as sensors or medical instrumentation. Yet, both realizing and understanding collective states of strongly correlated matter remain major scientific challenges. Among the unresolved puzzles, low-dimensional fermionic quantum systems play a pivotal role, because a number of intriguing effects such as high-Tc superconductivity in the cuprates, the quantum Hall effect, and Luttinger liquid behaviour are intimately linked to reduced dimensionality. Of particular current interest is the non-equilibrium dynamics of these many-body systems. The understanding of emergent states far from equilibrium constitutes one of the grand challenges in Physics and is of great importance for applications, e.g. for the transport of energy or information in the next generation of quantum devices and in quantum computing. A major difficulty to be overcome is that dynamical experiments in the solid state often are overwhelmed by the strong coupling to the environment and the resulting decoherence destroys the genuine quantum dynamics already on short time scales. In recent years, it has become possible to assemble strongly correlated quantum many-body systems in a bottom-up approach using ultracold atomic quantum gases. This novel approach has created the purest and most widely tunable "materials", in which quantum many-body physics can be studied. They are considered ideal candidates for both unravelling the mysteries of observed, but not yet understood, effects in the solid state and for realizing completely new quantum phases, very much in the sense of Feynman's concept of a "quantum simulator". Perhaps most importantly, cold atomic gases provide an ideal testing ground for non-equilibrium evolution because the tuneability is very rapid compared to the typical energy/time scales of the system and the dynamics remains coherent for long times by virtue of their weak coupling to the environment.

自一个世纪前发现超导以来，相关量子多体系统已从一种科学特性发展成为传感器或医疗仪器等商用设备的关键组件。然而，认识和理解强相关物质的集体状态仍然是重大的科学挑战。在未解决的难题中，低维费米子量子系统发挥着关键作用，因为许多有趣的效应（例如铜酸盐中的高温超导性、量子霍尔效应和路廷格液体行为）都与降维密切相关。当前特别令人感兴趣的是这些多体系统的非平衡动力学。对远离平衡的涌现态的理解构成了物理学的巨大挑战之一，并且对于应用来说非常重要，例如：用于下一代量子设备和量子计算中的能量或信息传输。需要克服的一个主要困难是，固态动力学实验常常被与环境的强耦合所淹没，并且由此产生的退相干破坏了短时间尺度上已经存在的真正的量子动力学。近年来，使用超冷原子量子气体以自下而上的方法组装强相关量子多体系统已成为可能。这种新颖的方法创造了最纯粹、最广泛的可调“材料”，可以在其中研究量子多体物理。它们被认为是解开已观察到但尚未理解的固态效应之谜和实现全新量子相的理想候选者，这在很大程度上符合费曼的“量子模拟器”概念。也许最重要的是，冷原子气体为非平衡演化提供了一个理想的试验场，因为与系统的典型能量/时间尺度相比，可调谐性非常快，并且由于它们与系统的弱耦合，动力学在很长一段时间内保持相干。环境。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Two-dimensional Fermi liquid with attractive interactions.

DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.109.130403
发表时间：
2012-06
期刊：
Physical review letters
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
B. Fröhlich;M. Feld;Enrico Vogt;M. Koschorreck;Michael Köhl;Christophe Berthod;T. Giamarchi
通讯作者：
B. Fröhlich;M. Feld;Enrico Vogt;M. Koschorreck;Michael Köhl;Christophe Berthod;T. Giamarchi

Relaxation dynamics of a Fermi gas in an optical superlattice.

光学超晶格中费米气体的弛豫动力学。