EXPERIENCE AND THE NEUROCHEMISTRY OF THE SYNAPSE

经验和突触的神经化学

• 批准号: 3394936
• 负责人: RICHARD E ZIGMOND
• 金额: $ 16.65万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-05-01 至 1987-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3394936
• 关键词: antidromic impulse; autonomic nervous system; bungarotoxins; choline acetyltransferase; ciliary ganglion; dopamine beta monooxygenase; environmental adaptation; glucocorticoids; neural information processing; neural plasticity; neurochemistry; neuropharmacology; neurotoxins; neurotransmitter biosynthesis; norepinephrine; organ culture; peripheral nervous system; pituitary adrenal axis; somatostatin; sympathetic nervous system; synapses; tyrosine 3 monooxygenase

The adaptability of the nervous system in response to changes in the environment is essential for the survival of an animal. With the exception of sensory nerves which can receive information about the environment directly, most nerve cells receive such information only indirectly through changes in their synaptic and humoral inputs. It is the ability of neurons to change in response to changes in these inputs which ultimately produces many of the behavioral and physiological adaptations necessary for survival. The proposed research deals with adaptive changes in synaptic neurochemistry in peripheral autonomic neurons and with studies on the basic biochemistry and pharmacology of these neurons. The primary goals of the proposed projects are 1) to study the mechanism by which increased preganglionic nerve activity leads to an increase in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in sympathetic neurons and to determine the functional consequences of this change for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, 2) to study the modulation of this trans-synaptic regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase activity by glucocorticiod hormones and 3) to use alpha-neurotoxins to study the long-term regulation of the number and distribution of ganglionic nicotinic receptors. These studies should help to elucidate the mechanisms involved both in the development of the nervous system and in its modification during adult life.

神经系统对环境变化的适应性 环境对于动物的生存至关重要。 例外 可以接收有关环境信息的感觉神经 大多数神经细胞只是通过间接方式直接接收此类信息 他们的突触和体液输入的变化。 这是神经元的能力 改变以响应这些输入的变化，最终产生 许多行为和生理适应是必要的 生存。 拟议的研究涉及突触的适应性变化 外周自主神经元的神经化学及其研究 这些神经元的基本生物化学和药理学。 主要目标 拟议的项目是 1) 研究增加的机制 节前神经活动导致酪氨酸羟化酶增加 交感神经元的活动并确定其功能 这种变化对神经递质合成的影响， 去甲肾上腺素，2) 研究这种跨突触的调节 糖皮质激素对酪氨酸羟化酶活性的调节 3）利用α-神经毒素研究数量的长期调节 和神经节烟碱受体的分布。 这些研究应该 有助于阐明参与发展的机制 神经系统及其在成年期间的改变。