Device to measure lung function in children and adults

测量儿童和成人肺功能的装置

基本信息

批准号：
EP/J000906/1
负责人：
Andrew Farmery
金额：
$ 59.76万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ000906%2F1
关键词：
Device measure lung function children

项目摘要

Patients suffering from lung diseases require lung function tests to assess the severity of their disease and to monitor the benefit of any therapy. These tests are commonly performed in specialised hospital laboratories, and require the co-operation of the patient and a rapport between the clinician and patient. Adults and babies in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are dependent on continuous life support, and so cannot be moved to these specialised laboratories. Unfortunately therefore, those patients who would benefit most from heart-lung function tests, are the most difficult to be assessed by conventional means. This is also true for anaesthetised patients in the operating theatre, since the unconscious patient is unable to participate in volitional respiratory manoeuvres.Severely premature babies have immature lungs and mostly require ventilation. At present, there is no clear way to determine how much inflating pressure to apply to the lungs. Too little pressure results in under-aeration, and too much causes lung trauma. There is a need to continually monitor the degree of lung inflation. A great need therefore exists for a new system to measure lung functions non-invasively. The purpose of our research is to develop such a new medical device, made possible by recent advancements in gas sensors and flow control technologies. By using small perturbations in oxygen and nitrous oxide in the inhaled breath, and measuring the responses in real time, we can measure heart-lung function indirectly. An online computer model of the lung is used to convert sensor data to robust estimations of lung volume, ventilation, lung blood flow, and especially lung inhomogeneity. This approach eliminates the need for patients' cooperation, and also does not interfere with his/her breathing pattern.As no similar technology currently exists, our proposed technique and device will have a large impact on UK and global health care, especially in outpatient clinics, the ICU environment, and in the operating theatre.This new technique could significantly aid the clinicians in selecting the ventilator settings, and adjusting other therapeutic measures, to (a) "titrate" the therapy to "best effect" in any individual patient; and (b) help avoid the ever present problem of ventilator-induced lung injury worldwide. This is especially true in the early management of preterm infants who have fragile and rapidly changing lung and are at greater risk from over distension and subsequent injury.

患有肺部疾病的患者需要进行肺功能检查以评估其疾病的严重程度并监测任何疗法的好处。这些测试通常在专门的医院实验室中进行，需要患者的合作以及临床医生和患者之间的融洽关系。重症监护病房（ICU）中的成人和婴儿取决于连续的生活支持，因此不能转移到这些专门的实验室。因此，不幸的是，那些将从心脏肺功能测试中受益最大的患者是最难通过常规手段评估的。对于手术室中的麻醉患者而言，这也是如此，因为无意识的患者无法参加自愿性呼吸道动作。目前，尚无明确的方法来确定向肺施加多少膨胀压力。压力太小会导致平息不足，导致肺部创伤过多。需要不断监测肺通胀程度。因此，新系统存在巨大的需求，以非侵入性地测量肺功能。我们研究的目的是开发这种新的医疗设备，这是由于气体传感器和流控制技术的最新进步而成为可能的。通过在吸入呼吸中使用氧气和一氧化二氮中的小扰动，并实时测量反应，我们可以间接测量心肺功能。肺的在线计算机模型用于将传感器数据转换为对肺部容积，通风，肺血流，尤其是肺部不均匀性的强大估计。这种方法消除了对患者合作的需求，也不会干扰他/她的呼吸模式。目前没有类似的技术，我们提出的技术和设备将对英国和全球医疗保健产生重大影响在任何患者中，“滴定”疗法“最佳效果”；（b）有助于避免呼吸机诱发的全球肺损伤问题。在早期治疗肺部脆弱且迅速变化的早产儿中，尤其如此，并且由于过度延伸和随后的伤害面临更大的风险。