ASSOCIATIVE INFORMATION PROCESSING: CELLULAR MECHANISMS

关联信息处理：细胞机制

• 批准号: 3376838
• 负责人: EDGAR T. WALTERS
• 金额: $ 9.91万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-02-01 至 1990-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3376838
• 关键词: Gastropoda; afferent nerve; association learning; autogenic training; electrophysiology; interneurons; membrane potentials; motor neurons; nervous system regeneration; neural information processing; neural plasticity; neurons; psychological reinforcement; sensorimotor system; serotonin; stimulus /response; synapses

The long-term objective is to analyze the cellular mechanisms underlying two important capabilities of the nervous system: (1) the ability to associate a given stimulus with a novel motor response (stimulus-response or S-R learning), and (2) long-term sensory modifiability. This objective requires the development of preparations, involving well-defined behavioral alterations and identified neuronal networks, that permit direct analysis of physiological mechanisms. Building on preliminary studies using the siphon, tail, head, and parapodia of the marine gastropod, Aplysia, intact and semi-intact preparations will be developed that show the acquisition of novel siphon responses after pairing parapodial stimulation with head or tail stimulation. Electrophysiological correlates of this S-R conditioning will be examined in identified siphon motor neurons and interneurons. Two hypotheses for the development of novel S-R connections will be tested using intracellular recording, voltage clamp, and quantal analysis techniques. Long-term sensory memory will be investigated in the central and peripheral processes of parapodial sensory neurons, which offer special advantages for sensory analysis. The general hypothesis that associative information storage in sensory systems makes use of mechanisms evolved for sensory compensation after injury will be tested. The contribution of a specific cellular associative mechanism - activity-dependent extrinsic modulation (ADEM) - to sensory modifiability will be tested. Several potential ADEM-related enhancements of signaling effectiveness produced by associative conditioning and by injury of the receptive field will be examined: synaptic facilitation, increased central and/or peripheral excitability, and sprouting of peripheral and/or central processes. These studies should provide basic information on general mechanisms of learning, sensory compensation, and neuronal regeneration that may eventually contribute to an understanding of normal and abnormal physiological plasticity within the human nervous system.

长期目标是分析潜在的细胞机制 神经系统有两个重要的能力：（1） 将给定的刺激与新颖的运动反应相关联（刺激-反应 或 S-R 学习），以及（2）长期感觉可改变性。 这个目标 需要制定准备工作，包括明确的行为 改变和识别的神经元网络，允许直接分析 的生理机制。 在初步研究的基础上使用 海洋腹足动物海兔的虹吸管、尾部、头部和副足，完整 将开发半完整制剂，以显示获得 将足旁刺激与头部配对后出现新颖的虹吸反应 尾部刺激。 这种 S-R 调节的电生理学相关性 将在已识别的虹吸运动神经元和中间神经元中进行检查。 二 将测试开发新型 S-R 连接的假设 使用细胞内记录、电压钳和定量分析 技术。 长期感觉记忆将在中枢进行研究 和旁足感觉神经元的外围过程，提供特殊的 感官分析的优势。 一般假设是联想 感觉系统中的信息存储利用了进化而来的机制 将测试受伤后的感觉代偿。 的贡献 特定的细胞关联机制 - 活动依赖性外在 调制（ADEM） - 将测试感觉的可修改性。 一些 潜在的 ADEM 相关的信号有效性增强 联想调节和感受野损伤将 检查：突触促进，中枢和/或外周增加 兴奋性以及外周和/或中枢过程的萌芽。 这些 研究应提供有关一般学习机制的基本信息， 感觉补偿和神经元再生最终可能 有助于了解正常和异常的生理状况 人类神经系统的可塑性。