NEURONAL BASIS FOR CARDIORESPIRATORY INTEGRATION

心肺整合的神经元基础

• 批准号: 3356776
• 负责人: Patrice G. Guyenet
• 金额: $ 13.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-30 至 1992-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3356776
• 关键词: adenosine; afferent nerve; apnea; baroreceptors; biological models; brain mapping; cardiovascular function; chemoreceptors; electrophysiology; fluorescent dye /probe; gamma aminobutyrate; hypoglossal nucleus; hypoxia; hypoxia neonatorum; mechanoreceptors; medulla oblongata; microinjections; model design /development; motor neurons; neural conduction; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuroanatomy; neurochemistry; neurons; neuropharmacology; neurophysiology; neurotransmitters; nontherapeutic iontophoresis; peripheral nervous system; phrenic nerve; pulmonary respiration; pulmonary stretch receptors; respiration regulatory center; respiratory reflex; reticulospinal tract; single cell analysis; spinal nerves; sudden infant death syndrome; sympathetic nervous system; tissue /cell culture; vagotomy; vasomotion; adenosine; afferent nerve; apnea; baroreceptors; biological models; brain mapping; cardiovascular function; chemoreceptors; electrophysiology; fluorescent dye /probe; gamma aminobutyrate; hypoglossal nucleus; hypoxia; hypoxia neonatorum; mechanoreceptors; medulla oblongata; microinjections; model design /development; motor neurons; neural conduction; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuroanatomy; neurochemistry; neurons; neuropharmacology; neurophysiology; neurotransmitters; nontherapeutic iontophoresis; peripheral nervous system; phrenic nerve; pulmonary respiration; pulmonary stretch receptors; respiration regulatory center; respiratory reflex; reticulospinal tract; single cell analysis; spinal nerves; sudden infant death syndrome; sympathetic nervous system; tissue /cell culture; vagotomy; vasomotion

The regulation of regional blood flows and cardiac output is closely coordinated with respiration to ensure proper oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in all body organs in the face of variable energy demands. Neural cardiovascular and respiratory reflexes which play important regulatory roles during health, may also contribute to clinical disorders such as sleep apnea in the adult and central and obstructive apnea of the newborn and the sudden infant death syndrome. The neuronal basis of respiratory rhythm generation and central cardiovascular control are only partially understood and the central connections responsible for the integration of these two essential functions remain largely conjectural. For example, the central pathways responsible for the excitatory influence of the medullary respiratory generator on the sympathetic outflow are totally unknown as are the intramedullary pathways responsible for the vasomotor effects produced by activation of cardioplumonary and other receptors which also control respiration. Much evidence already suggests that the rostral ventrolateral medulla may play a crucial role in cardiorespiratory integration and central chemosensitivity. Thus a major portion of the proposed research will be devoted to a study of several types of ventrolateral medullary cells which will be extensively characterized from the standpoint of connectivity, neurotransmitter content and electrophysiological properties. Efforts will be mainly concentrated on four rostral ventrolateral medullary reticulospinal cells, the C1 adrenergic neurons, neurons of nucleus interfascicularis hypoglossi, the Boetzinger complex expiratory related neurons and the sympathoexcitatory pace- maker neurons previously described in this laboratory. The experimental approach will include modern track-tracing techniques and single-unit recordings with iontophoretic application of drugs "in vivo" and "in vitro". Other experiments are also designed to test the hypothesis that certain types of bulbospinal respiratory premotorneurons located outside the rostral ventrolateral medulla might directly innervate spinal preganglionic neurons. In combination, these experiments will increase our understanding of the way in which central cardio- respiratory integration operates and may lead to the idenification of neurons with an essential role in central chemosensory function.

区域血流和心输出量的调节是 通过呼吸紧密协调，以确保适当的氧气和 面对可变的所有身体器官中的二氧化碳交换 能源需求。 神经心血管和呼吸反射 在健康期间哪个扮演重要的监管角色，也可能 有助于成人的临床疾病，例如睡眠呼吸暂停 以及新生儿的中心和阻塞性呼吸暂停 婴儿死亡综合征。 呼吸节律的神经元基础 发电和中央心血管控制仅部分是 理解和中心联系负责 这两个基本功能的集成在很大程度上仍然是 猜想。 例如，负责 髓质呼吸发生器对 同情流出完全未知 负责血管舒缩效应的髓内途​​径 通过激活心脏和其他受体产生 这也控制呼吸。 已经有很多证据表明腹侧腹侧 髓质可能在心肺整合中起关键作用 和中央化学敏感性。 因此 拟议的研究将专门研究几种类型的研究 腹外侧髓质细胞将广泛 从连接的角度来看， 神经递质含量和电生理特性。 努力将主要集中在四个延髓腹外侧 髓质网状细胞，C1肾上腺素能神经元，神经元 Bootzinger复合物核核核核核 呼气相关的神经元和交感神经源 先前在该实验室中描述的制造商神经元。 实验方法将包括现代轨道追踪 具有离子电遗传学的技术和单单元录音 药物“体内”和“体外”的应用。 其他实验 还旨在检验某些类型的假设 球脊呼吸前神经元位于 胸外侧髓质可能直接支配脊柱 前神经神经元。 结合在一起，这些实验将 提高我们对中央心脏的方式的理解 呼吸整合起作用并可能导致衰落 在中央化学感应中具有至关重要的神经元的 功能。