Novel Compact Aftertreatment Systems for Simultaneous Reduction of Diesel Engine NOx, PM, CO and HC Emissions

用于同时减少柴油发动机氮氧化物、颗粒物、一氧化碳和碳氢化合物排放的新型紧凑型后处理系统

• 批准号: EP/G038139/1
• 负责人: Athanasios Tsolakis
• 金额: $ 51.84万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG038139%2F1
• 关键词: Novel; Compact; Aftertreatment; Systems; Simultaneous

Diesel engine exhaust gas catalytic aftertreatment systems have become a necessity in view of the reinforcement of exhaust gas emission regulations with the rapid growth of the high efficiency, low CO2 emission diesel powered vehicles (including off-road and on-road applications). Apart from the catalyst ability to control emissions, the size of the different individual aftertreatment systems, that need to be integrated with the engine system are as important for the vehicle manufacturers in order to a) eliminate huge costs involved with the vehicles redesign and b) avoid fuel penalties. The latter are related to the increased vehicle weight and affected vehicle aerodynamics resulting from the accommodation of the aftertreatment systems (including controls). Synergies between fuels such as Biomass-to-Liquid (BTL) or Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) and engine technologies can further promote emissions reduction and advance catalytic aftertreatment technology.The proposed research is focused on the study and understanding of the principles, and the development of compact very lightweight aftertreatment systems that comprise prototype lean NOx catalysts (selective catalytic reduction - SCR, or NOx traps), continuous regenerated diesel particulate filters (DPFs) and production diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs) technologies. The systems will have a size similar or smaller than a typical DPF and they will target to achieve HC, CO and particulate matter (PM) emissions reduction of >90% using a DOC and a DPF, and NOx reduction of >70% using lean NOx catalyst technology (NOx traps or a silver alumina based HC-SCR catalyst). Furthermore, the novel systems will be cost effective by replacing precious metals (precious group metals - PGM) such as Pt and Pd with base metal catalysts (such as silver) and will operate with a minimum development of a specific engine map where possible (i.e. continuous DPF regeneration and passive mode SCR operation will reduce engine map development requirements).The experimental programme is divided into three broad areas:(i) Study, design and development of silver/alumina (Ag/Al2O3) mainly based catalysts active in HC-SCR of NOx and C-containing species oxidation under different engine fuelling and operating conditions.(ii) Study of the activity and regeneration of NOx traps utilised as catalysts for NOx reduction and Soot-PM/HC/CO oxidation when coated on the DPF.(iii) Study aiming to establish the most promising new innovative approach of a catalytic system using exhaust gas from different engines under various engine operating conditions.The first two parts will provide the scientific knowledge and guidelines required for the third part, which will be the final proof of the proposed technology.The developed catalytic technologies will still be able to provide significant emission reductions when used as individual units for applications where compactness and weight may not be important (i.e. power generation).The research will be carried out by two renowned research groups in the field of internal combustion engine technologies, the University of Birmingham Future Power Systems Group and the Brunel University Centre for Advanced Powertrain and Fuels, in collaboration with the University of Birmingham Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management. The project tasks have been planed jointly with the industrial partners in the best possible way that will allow the research to benefit from the expertise and capabilities of each academic group.

随着高效、低二氧化碳排放柴油动力车辆（包括越野和公路应用）的快速增长，随着废气排放法规的加强，柴油机废气催化后处理系统已成为必需品。除了催化剂控制排放的能力之外，需要与发动机系统集成的不同单独后处理系统的尺寸对于汽车制造商也同样重要，以便 a) 消除车辆重新设计所涉及的巨额成本，b)避免燃油处罚。后者与后处理系统（包括控制装置）的调整导致车辆重量增加和车辆空气动力学受影响有关。生物质液化（BTL）或天然气液化（GTL）等燃料与发动机技术之间的协同作用可以进一步促进减排并推进催化后处理技术。拟议的研究重点是对原理的研究和理解，以及开发紧凑型超轻后处理系统，包括原型贫氮氧化物催化剂（选择性催化还原 - SCR 或氮氧化物捕集器）、连续再生柴油颗粒过滤器 (DPF) 和生产柴油氧化催化剂（DOC）技术。该系统的尺寸与典型 DPF 相似或更小，其目标是使用 DOC 和 DPF 实现 HC、CO 和颗粒物 (PM) 排放量减少 > 90%，并使用精益实现 NOx 排放量减少 > 70% NOx 催化剂技术（NOx 捕集器或基于银氧化铝的 HC-SCR 催化剂）。此外，通过用贱金属催化剂（例如银）替代铂和钯等贵金属（贵族金属 - PGM），新型系统将具有成本效益，并且将在可能的情况下以最少的特定发动机图开发（即连续 DPF 再生和被动模式 SCR 运行将降低发动机图开发要求）。实验计划分为三大领域：(i) 研究、设计和开发以银/氧化铝 (Ag/Al2O3) 为主的活性催化剂不同发动机燃料和运行条件下 NOx 和含碳物质氧化的 HC-SCR。(ii) 涂覆在 NOx 捕集器上作为 NOx 还原和 Soot-PM/HC/CO 氧化催化剂的活性和再生研究DPF。(iii) 研究旨在建立最有前途的催化系统创新方法，利用不同发动机在不同发动机工作条件下产生的废气。前两部分将为第三部分提供所需的科学知识和指南，这将是提议的最终证明技术。当作为单独的单元用于紧凑性和重量可能不重要的应用（即，该研究将由内燃机技术领域的两个著名研究小组伯明翰大学未来动力系统小组和布鲁内尔大学先进动力总成和燃料中心与伯明翰大学合作进行环境健康与风险管理部。项目任务已与工业合作伙伴以尽可能最好的方式共同规划，使研究能够受益于每个学术团体的专业知识和能力。

项目成果

Microkinetic modelling for propane oxidation in channel flows of a silver-based automotive catalytic converter

银基汽车催化转化器通道流中丙烷氧化的微动力学建模

• 期刊: SAE Technical Papers
• 作者: B. Sawatmongkhon (Author)

Manipulating modern diesel engine particulate emission characteristics through butanol fuel blending and fuel injection strategies for efficient diesel oxidation catalysts

通过丁醇燃料混合和高效柴油氧化催化剂的燃油喷射策略来控制现代柴油发动机颗粒物排放特性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.102
• 发表时间: 2017-03-15
• 期刊: Applied Energy
• 影响因子: 11.2
• 作者: M. Fayad;A. Tsolakis;D. Fernández;J. Herreros;F. Martos;M. Lapuerta
• 通讯作者: M. Lapuerta

Tribological Performance of Biomass-Derived Bio-Alcohol and Bio-Ketone Fuels

生物质衍生的生物醇和生物酮燃料的摩擦学性能

• DOI: http://dx.10.3390/en14175331
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Energies
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Doustdar O

Interactions between aftertreatment systems architecture and combustion of oxygenated fuels for improved low temperature catalysts activity

后处理系统架构与含氧燃料燃烧之间的相互作用，以提高低温催化剂活性

• DOI: http://dx.10.1016/j.fuel.2018.05.002
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Fuel
• 影响因子: 7.4
• 作者: Fayad M

Investigation the effect of fuel injection strategies on combustion and morphology characteristics of PM in modern diesel engine operated with oxygenate fuel blending

研究燃油喷射策略对采用含氧燃料混合的现代柴油发动机燃烧和 PM 形态特征的影响

• DOI: http://dx.10.1016/j.tsep.2022.101476
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Thermal Science and Engineering Progress
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Fayad M