In-Situ Suppression of Dioxin Formation in Waste Incinerators by SO2 and NH3/Urea

SO2 和 NH3/尿素原位抑制垃圾焚烧炉中二恶英的形成

• 批准号: EP/F021615/1
• 负责人: Paul Williams
• 金额: $ 64.37万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FF021615%2F1
• 关键词: Situ; Suppression; Dioxin; Formation; Waste

The issue of dioxins (PCDD- polychlorinated dibenzodioxins) and furans (PCDF- polychlorinated dibenzofurans) in the environment are of considerable public concern. Their association with emissions from municipal solid waste incineration contributing significantly to the negativity of the debate surrounding the public acceptability of the technology. This research proposal has been developed following two recent EPSRC funded research grants investigating the reactions of PCDD/PCDF under conditions simulating the post combustion zone of municipal solid waste incinerators. Our research involves detailed, analyses of PCDD/PCDF congeners and isomers in relation to the process conditions influencing PCDD/PCDF formation, reactions and destruction. The work has developed mechanisms to describe the formation of PCDD/PCDF on flyash and their subsequent desorption into flue gases. Although there has been extensive and intense investigation of PCDD/PCDF formation in waste incinerator flyash and air pollution control residues, the exact mechanisms still remain unclear. The aim of this present research proposal is to investigate the influence of particular flue gases (SO2) and NOx control gases (NH3/urea) on the formation of PCDD/PCDF in flyash and air pollution control residues. This data is important in understanding the formation mechanisms of PCDD/PCDF and the suppressive effect of SO2 and NH3/urea. It could provide a key advance for a step change control strategy for the elimination or reduction of PCDD/PCDF formation in flyash and air pollution control residues from waste incinerators by using inherent, in-situ gases to control PCDD/PCDF. It would also result in a significant cost reduction due to savings in the use of activated carbon, which is currently used for control. In addition, the detailed understanding of the suppressive effect of SO2 and ammonium compounds on PCDD/PCDF formation could have wider implications for reducing PCDD/PCDF emissions from other combustion sources, such as coal-fired power plant and metal sinter plant at low cost. This is an ambitious proposal involving difficult experimentation with toxic materials and difficult analysis at extremely low levels of PCDD/PCDF concentration to fundamentally understand the important role of SO2 and NH3/urea in PCDD/PCDF formation reaction mechanisms.

环境中的二恶英（PCDD-多氯二苯并二恶英）和呋喃（PCDF-多氯二苯并呋喃）问题备受公众关注。它们与城市固体废物焚烧排放的关联极大地加剧了围绕公众对该技术的可接受性的争论的负面影响。这项研究提案是在 EPSRC 最近资助的两项研究资助之后制定的，该研究资助调查了 PCDD/PCDF 在模拟城市固体废物焚烧炉后燃烧区的条件下的反应。我们的研究涉及对 PCDD/PCDF 同系物和异构体与影响 PCDD/PCDF 形成、反应和破坏的工艺条件进行详细分析。这项工作开发了描述飞灰上 PCDD/PCDF 形成及其随后解吸到烟道气中的机制。尽管人们对垃圾焚烧炉飞灰和空气污染控制残留物中 PCDD/PCDF 的形成进行了广泛而深入的研究，但其确切机制仍不清楚。本研究计划的目的是研究特定烟气 (SO2) 和 NOx 控制气体 (NH3/尿素) 对飞灰和空气污染控制残留物中 PCDD/PCDF 形成的影响。该数据对于理解 PCDD/PCDF 的形成机制以及 SO2 和 NH3/尿素的抑制作用具有重要意义。它可以为逐步改变控制策略提供关键进展，通过使用固有的原位气体来控制 PCDD/PCDF，从而消除或减少飞灰中 PCDD/PCDF 的形成以及废物焚烧炉的空气污染控制残留物。由于节省了目前用于控制的活性炭的使用，这还将导致成本显着降低。此外，详细了解 SO2 和铵化合物对 PCDD/PCDF 形成的抑制作用可能对减少其他燃烧源（例如低成本燃煤电厂和金属烧结厂）的 PCDD/PCDF 排放具有更广泛的影响。这是一项雄心勃勃的提案，涉及有毒材料的困难实验以及极低 PCDD/PCDF 浓度水平下的困难分析，以从根本上了解 SO2 和 NH3/尿素在 PCDD/PCDF 形成反应机制中的重要作用。

项目成果

Removal potential of toxic 2378-substituted PCDD/F from incinerator flue gases by waste-derived activated carbons.

废物衍生活性炭去除焚烧炉烟气中有毒 2378 取代 PCDD/F 的潜力。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.01.011
• 发表时间: 2011-06-01
• 期刊: Waste management
• 影响因子: 8.1
• 作者: Y. Hajizadeh;J. Onwudili;Paul T. Williams
• 通讯作者: Paul T. Williams

Effects of gaseous NH(3) and SO(2) on the concentration profiles of PCDD/F in flyash under post-combustion zone conditions.

燃烧后区条件下气态 NH(3) 和 SO(2) 对飞灰中 PCDD/F 浓度分布的影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.02.007
• 发表时间: 2012-07-01
• 期刊: Waste management
• 影响因子: 8.1
• 作者: Y. Hajizadeh;J. Onwudili;Paul T. Williams
• 通讯作者: Paul T. Williams

Application of low-temperature CP-Sil 88 column for the isomeric analysis of toxic 2,378-substituted PCDD/Fs in incinerator flyash and sewage sludge using a triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS.

应用低温 CP-Sil 88 色谱柱，使用三重四极杆 GC-MS/MS 对焚烧炉飞灰和污水污泥中有毒的 2,378 取代 PCDD/F 进行异构体分析。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.09.053
• 发表时间: 2011-12-15
• 期刊: Talanta
• 影响因子: 6.1
• 作者: J. Onwudili;Y. Hajizadeh;S. Zainal;J. Upton;Paul T. Williams
• 通讯作者: Paul T. Williams

Pyrolysis of waste materials using TGA-MS and TGA-FTIR as complementary characterisation techniques

使用 TGA-MS 和 TGA-FTIR 作为补充表征技术对废料进行热解

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.11.011
• 发表时间: 2012-03-01
• 期刊: Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis
• 影响因子: 6
• 作者: Surjit Singh;Chunfei Wu;Paul T. Williams
• 通讯作者: Paul T. Williams