Quantum-limited tomographic detection of correlations in a strongly interacting atomic Fermi gas

强相互作用原子费米气体中相关性的量子限制层析成像检测

基本信息

批准号：
EP/G029547/1
负责人：
Michael Kohl
金额：
$ 73.53万
依托单位：
University of Cambridge
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG029547%2F1
关键词：
Quantum limited tomographic detection correlations

项目摘要

One of the greatest challenges of physics is the realisation of materials with properties that can be changed at will. Historically, this field of research was mainly pursued in condensed matter physics. This has lead to the development of complex materials whose performance is dominated by quantum correlations and strong interactions. Some of these discoveries have found their way into applications of our daily life. The prime examples are high-temperature superconductivity which is used in medical instrumentation and telecommunications and giant magneto-resistance which has revolutionized computer hard disks. However, from a fundamental perspective an understanding of the underlying mechanism is often lacking. Without this understanding a further optimization or targeted search for even more advanced materials is quite difficult.In recent years, a promising new route to study fundamental properties of strongly correlated materials has emerged: atomic gases at Nanokelvin temperatures - firstly Bose-Einstein condensates and later degenerate Fermi gases - realize quantum many-body systems of unprecedented purity and tunability. Materials with complex properties can now be assembled from atoms in a bottom-up approach. The key ingredient which allows for a particularly good conceptual relation between cold atomic gases and solid state physics is the optical lattice. Optical lattices are crystals of light formed by three pairs of counter-propagating laser beams. This complex arrangement of intense laser light fields provides a periodic potential for atoms resembling the crystal lattice of a solid. Fermionic atom gases in an optical lattice simulate the physics of electrons in a solid yet being an extremely well controlled model system. They thus pave the way to understand the quantum behaviour of electrons in a solid under much purer and even tunable conditions. For example, it has been proposed that cold atomic gases in optical lattices could unravel the physics underlying high-temperature superconductivity. With our experiments we will investigate quantum many-body physics from first principles. We plan to realize complex quantum phases of fermionic atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice including the analogue of a high-temperature superconducting phase. This would allow to identify the mechanism of how the electrons in as superconductor pair and why high-temperature superconductors are different from metals or metallic superconductors. To characterize the strongly correlated quantum many-body state as precisely as possible we will perform a novel three-dimensional tomographic imaging with single atom resolution. This new technique is based on the progress in atomic physics over the past decade to achieve single atom detection of near 100% efficiency. Equipped with this experimental capability we will be able to uncover even the smallest correlation effects at the quantum limit to observe the correlated motion of pairs of atoms. This will unambiguously reveal novel superconducting or magnetically ordered states.

物理学的最大挑战之一是实现具有可以随意更改的属性的材料。从历史上看，这种研究领域主要是在凝结物理学中追求的。这导致了复杂材料的发展，其性能由量子相关性和较强的相互作用支配。其中一些发现已经进入了我们日常生活的应用。主要的例子是高温超导性，用于医疗仪器和电信和巨大的磁耐药性，彻底改变了计算机硬盘。但是，从基本的角度来看，人们通常缺乏对基本机制的理解。在不理理解的情况下，很难进一步优化或针对更先进的材料。近年来，已经出现了有希望的新的研究材料的基本特性的新途径：纳米诺氏菌温度处的原子气体 - 首先是Bose -Ienstein Condens，后来是Bose -Ienstein Condens和后来退化的费米气体 - 实现前所未有的纯度和可调性的量子多体系统。现在，具有复杂特性的材料可以从自下而上的方法中从原子组装。光学晶格是允许冷原子气体和固态物理学之间建立特别良好的概念关系的关键成分。光学晶格是由三对反向传播激光束形成的光的晶体。这种强烈激光场的复杂排列为类似于固体的晶格的原子提供了周期性的潜力。光学晶格中的费米原子气体在固体中模拟电子物理，但是一个非常受控的模型系统。因此，他们为在更纯净甚至可调的条件下在固体中理解电子的量子行为铺平了道路。例如，已经提出，光学晶格中的冷原子气体可以揭示高温超导性的物理学。通过我们的实验，我们将从第一原理研究量子多体物理学。我们计划在三维光学晶格中实现费米原子的复杂量子阶段，包括高温超导相的类似物。这将允许确定电子中电子对超导对的机制，以及为什么高温超导体与金属或金属超导体不同。为了尽可能精确地表征强相关的量子多体状态，我们将使用单个原子分辨率进行新颖的三维层析成像。这项新技术基于过去十年来原子物理学的进展，以实现接近100％效率的单个原子检测。配备了这种实验能力，我们甚至可以在量子极限下发现最小的相关效应，以观察原子对的相关运动。这将明确揭示新的超导或磁有序状态。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Two-dimensional Fermi liquid with attractive interactions.

DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.109.130403
发表时间：
2012-06
期刊：
Physical review letters
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
B. Fröhlich;M. Feld;Enrico Vogt;M. Koschorreck;Michael Köhl;Christophe Berthod;T. Giamarchi
通讯作者：
B. Fröhlich;M. Feld;Enrico Vogt;M. Koschorreck;Michael Köhl;Christophe Berthod;T. Giamarchi

Radio-frequency spectra of Feshbach molecules in quasi-two-dimensional geometries

准二维几何中 Feshbach 分子的射频光谱