HEBB MARR NETWORKS THE HIPPOCAMPUS AND SPATIAL MEMORY

HEBB MARR 网络海马体和空间记忆

基本信息

批准号：
6186300
负责人：
BRUCE L MCNAUGHTON
金额：
$ 17.87万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1990-09-30 至 2002-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6186300
关键词：
behavioral /social science research tag brain electrical activity computational neuroscience electrodes hippocampus laboratory rat long term memory neocortex sleep space perception stereotaxic techniques synapses

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The aim of this project is to understand the mechanisms and computational principles underlying the encoding of memories that depend on a functional hippocampus (HC), and their subsequent consolidation into HC-independent, long-term storage, presumably in the neocortex (NC). This is a prerequisite to ameliorating memory disorders resulting from developmental abnormalities, disease, trauma, aging or drug abuse. The working hypothesis is that the function of long-term memory is to construct, from past experience, internal representations that reflect the statistical regularities of the environment, and which thus permit adaptive generalization and appropriate responses. Such learning requires repeated, interleaved exposure to the items to be stored, with small adjustments to the synapses on each trial. Attempts to store new information all at once in such a memory lead to "catastrophic interference" with items already stored; however, survival often requires adding new items to the existing categorical structure, with only one or a few experiences. It is hypothesized that HC generates and stores compact representations of the spatial contexts of such events, which become associated with the individual components of the events in their respective NC areas at the time of the experience. By spontaneously reactivating these stored contexts, the HC facilitates the reinstatement of the original patterns in a coherent fashion throughout NC, and thus provides the required "training trials" while the system is "off-line". This provides a framework for understanding the phenomenon of temporally graded retrograde amnesia following HC damage, and why and how memory consolidation takes place. Using simultaneous recordings from 50-150 neurons, it has been shown that population-codes for novel environments develop rapidly during exploration, and that traces of recent events and event-sequences can be observed in the collective activity of neurons in both HC and NC during quiet wakefulness and slow-wave sleep. The proposed recording studies address specific aspects of the theory: whether the robustness of off-line reactivation of memory traces is correlated with subsequent performance; whether more remote memories are interleaved with newer ones during off-line periods; whether there is a retrograde gradient of memory reactivation; which behavioral states are most conducive to reactivation; to what extent reactivation also occurs in NC during the off-line periods; whether NC and HC reactivations reflect the same recent experiences; and whether a functional HC is necessary for reactivation of recent memory in NC. Finally, it is proposed to test the theory by imposing distributed patterns of electrical activity in HC using spatially structured electrical stimuli both during acquisition of spatial information and during off-line periods.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：该项目的目标是了解底层的机制和计算原理依赖于功能性海马体（HC）的记忆编码及其随后合并到独立于 HC 的长期存储中，大概在新皮质（NC）中。这是改善记忆力的先决条件由发育异常、疾病、创伤、衰老引起的疾病或滥用药物。工作假设是长期的函数记忆是根据过去的经验构建内部表征反映环境的统计规律，从而允许适应性概括和适当的反应。这样的学习需要反复、交错地暴露要存储的物品，每次试验中对突触进行小调整。尝试存储新的信息同时存入这样的记忆会导致“灾难性干扰” 已存储物品；然而，生存往往需要添加新物品现有的分类结构，只有一种或几种经验。假设 HC 生成并存储以下的紧凑表示此类事件的空间背景，与当时各自北卡罗来纳州地区事件的各个组成部分的经验。通过自发地重新激活这些存储的上下文， HC 有助于以连贯的方式恢复原始模式整个北卡罗来纳州的时尚，从而提供所需的“训练试验” 当系统处于“离线”状态时。这提供了一个理解框架 HC 损伤后出现暂时分级逆行性遗忘现象，以及记忆巩固为何以及如何发生。使用同时来自 50-150 个神经元的记录，已表明群体编码新环境在探索过程中迅速发展，并且留下痕迹最近发生的事件和事件序列可以在集体活动中观察到安静清醒和慢波睡眠期间 HC 和 NC 神经元的变化。拟议的录音研究涉及该理论的具体方面：记忆痕迹离线重新激活的鲁棒性是否与后续表现相关；是否还有更遥远的记忆离线期间与较新的交错；是否有一个记忆再激活的逆行梯度；哪些行为状态最多有利于重新激活； NC 中也会发生多大程度的重新激活离线期间； NC 和 HC 重新激活是否反映了最近的经历相同；以及是否需要功能性 HC NC 中最近记忆的重新激活。最后，建议测试一下理论通过强加 HC 中电活动的分布式模式使用空间结构的电刺激都在获取空间信息和离线期间。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（46）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Theta phase precession in hippocampal neuronal populations and the compression of temporal sequences.

海马神经元群体的 Theta 相进动和时间序列的压缩。

DOI：
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Skaggs, W E;McNaughton, B L;Wilson, M A;Barnes, C A
通讯作者：
Barnes, C A

Hippocampus leads ventral striatum in replay of place-reward information.

海马引导腹侧纹状体重播地点奖励信息。

DOI：
发表时间：
2009-08
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Lansink, Carien S;Goltstein, Pieter M;Lankelma, Jan V;McNaughton, Bruce L;Pennartz, Cyriel M A
通讯作者：
Pennartz, Cyriel M A

Interaction of egocentric and world-centered reference frames in the rat posterior parietal cortex.

大鼠后顶叶皮质中自我中心和世界中心参考系的相互作用。