Rhizo-Rice: a novel ideotype for deeper roots and improved drought tolerance

根稻：一种可以加深根系并提高耐旱性的新型表型

基本信息

批准号：
BB/N013697/1
负责人：
Leah Band
金额：
$ 41.45万
依托单位：
University of Nottingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN013697%2F1
关键词：
Rhizo Rice novel ideotype deeper

项目摘要

Rice is a mainstay of global food security. Drought stress is a primary limitation to rice yields and is projected to worsen in the future due to the effects of global climate change. The development of rice cultivars with better drought tolerance is therefore an important strategic goal for global food security. This project addresses this need by developing Rhizo-rice, new rice lines that have root traits that permit them to have both improved soil exploration and more efficient water capture under drought conditions. Rhizo-rice lines will have 1) steeper root growth angles, 2) fewer major roots, 3) greater root branching in deep soil, 4) increased formation of root air spaces (aerenchyma), which reduces the cost of root tissue, and 5) smaller water conductance vessels (xylem), which forces the plant to use soil water more sparingly. It is hypothesized that these traits will have much more value in combination than would be predicted from their isolated effects. This project will evaluate the benefits of Rhizo-rice lines in the field and computer simulation modelling and will discover genetic elements controlling Rhizo-rice root traits. Furthermore, we will evaluate these root traits in rice breeding lines in use in Thailand and will train Thai scientists in methods to incorporate root traits in rice breeding programs.This project integrates leading rice researchers and breeders in Thailand, leading crop physiologists in the UK and at the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines, and leading root modelers in the UK. We will investigate how different root architectures and drought conditions affect rice growth by measuring features of the root system in rice plants grown in different conditions. By recording the number, length and angle of different types of roots and taking microscopy images of the root structures, we will test how these features affect drought tolerance. These measurements will be complemented by computational modelling, which will enable us to test many different root structures and drought conditions. We have previously developed computational models to simulate root growth in maize, barley, common bean, lupin and squash. We will adapt these models to simulate rice root growth, which will enable us to predict the best type of root growth to maximise water uptake in drought conditions. Finally, we will determine which genes are responsible for creating the desirable root structures. We will use recently developed techniques to analyse the genes and root structures in many different varieties of rice, which will enable us to identify suitable varieties for maximising drought tolerance. This project will generate several tools to facilitate the breeding of more drought tolerant rice lines. It will validate specific root traits as selection targets in rice breeding; will discover genetic markers for these traits; will identify sources for desirable root traits in rice germplasm, and will enhance the ability of Thai scientists to create a team for breeding rice lines with superior root traits.

大米是全球粮食安全的支柱。干旱胁迫是水稻产量的主要限制因素，预计由于全球气候变化的影响，干旱胁迫在未来会进一步恶化。因此，开发具有更好耐旱性的水稻品种是全球粮食安全的重要战略目标。该项目通过开发根稻来满足这一需求，这是一种新的水稻品系，其根系特征使其能够在干旱条件下改善土壤探索和更有效地捕获水分。根际水稻品系将具有 1) 更陡的根生长角度，2) 更少的主根，3) 深层土壤中更大的根分枝，4) 增加根部空气空间（通气组织）的形成，从而降低根组织的成本，以及 5 ）较小的导水容器（木质部），这迫使植物更加节约地使用土壤水。据推测，这些特征组合起来的价值将比其单独影响所预测的价值大得多。该项目将评估根稻品系在田间和计算机模拟模型中的效益，并将发现控制根稻根性状的遗传元件。此外，我们将评估泰国使用的水稻育种系中的这些根性状，并将培训泰国科学家将根性状纳入水稻育种计划的方法。该项目整合了泰国领先的水稻研究人员和育种家、英国领先的作物生理学家和在菲律宾国际水稻研究所工作，并在英国领先的根建模师。我们将通过测量在不同条件下生长的水稻植物根系的特征来研究不同的根结构和干旱条件如何影响水稻生长。通过记录不同类型根的数量、长度和角度，并拍摄根结构的显微镜图像，我们将测试这些特征如何影响耐旱性。这些测量将得到计算模型的补充，这将使我们能够测试许多不同的根结构和干旱条件。我们之前开发了计算模型来模拟玉米、大麦、蚕豆、羽扇豆和南瓜的根系生长。我们将采用这些模型来模拟水稻根系生长，这将使我们能够预测最佳的根系生长类型，以最大限度地提高干旱条件下的水分吸收。最后，我们将确定哪些基因负责产生理想的根结构。我们将使用最近开发的技术来分析许多不同水稻品种的基因和根结构，这将使我们能够确定合适的品种以最大限度地提高耐旱性。该项目将产生多种工具来促进培育更耐旱的水稻品系。它将验证特定的根性状作为水稻育种的选择目标；将发现这些性状的遗传标记；将确定水稻种质中理想根系性状的来源，并将增强泰国科学家创建团队培育具有优良根系性状的水稻品系的能力。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Genetic control of root architectural traits in KDML105 chromosome segment substitution lines under well-watered and drought stress conditions

水分充足和干旱胁迫条件下 KDML105 染色体片段替换系根结构性状的遗传控制

DOI：
10.1080/1343943x.2021.1883990
发表时间：
2021-02-17
期刊：
Plant Production Science
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Mathurada Ruangsiri;P. Vejchasarn;P. Saengwilai;J. Lynch;M. Bennett;K. Brown;C. Chutteang;R. Boonruang
通讯作者：
R. Boonruang

Rice auxin influx carrier OsAUX1 facilitates root hair elongation in response to low external phosphate.

水稻生长素流入载体 OsAUX1 响应低外部磷酸盐促进根毛伸长。