Bilateral BBSRC - Embrapa. Exploitation of the rhizosphere microbiome for sustainable wheat production

双边 BBSRC - Embrapa。

基本信息

批准号：
BB/N016246/1
负责人：
Tim Mauchline
金额：
$ 52.2万
依托单位：
Rothamsted Research
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN016246%2F1
关键词：
Bilateral BBSRC Embrapa.Exploitation rhizosphere

项目摘要

Current models predict that the world's population will reach 9 billion by 2050 and that crop yields will need to increase by 70-100% to sustain the population growth. Wheat is the UK's most highly grown cereal, with high average yields in comparison with the world average. However, there are concerns that rates of wheat yield increases have now stalled. In contrast, Brazil is currently a net wheat importer, but recent initiatives, including the cultivation of wheat in tropical savannah areas (the Cerrado), aim to increase production and productivity so that Brazil will initially become self-sufficient in wheat production and eventually an exporter of this globally important crop. Developing improved and advanced sustainable wheat production methods, therefore, is a priority research area for both countries, as evidenced by the joint wheat research programme between Embrapa and BBSRC.Current intensive agricultural practices that depend on unsustainable levels of inorganic fertilisers, pesticides and other chemical inputs are environmentally damaging and unsustainable - it is clear that expansion of these agricultural practices to meet future needs is not economically or environmentally feasible and so we urgently need to explore other options to meet the global food security challenge. Plants are colonized by an astounding number of microorganisms that can reach cell densities much greater than the number of plant cells. Recent research has found that soil microbes benefit crop plants in a number of ways, including improved plant nutritional status and disease suppression. However, the exact nature of these communities and the microbial partners required are poorly understood, let alone the mechanisms by which they benefit host plants. As such, it is important that we determine how the soil microbial community influences wheat plant health to achieve sustainable intensification of production.Determining the optimum composition of soil microbiomes associated with plants, especially the root systems (the rhizosphere), to inform sustainable soil management strategies represents a novel and unique strategy to boost plant growth and health that has not previously been attempted. The rhizosphere microbiome can provide a range of functions to sustain plant development such as: nitrogen fixation, nutrient solubilisation or defence against pathogens. However, elucidation of the mechanisms underlying beneficial interactions between microbes and plants are not well understood. Understanding these mechanisms will be key to developing the rhizosphere microbiome for sustainable wheat production, and is central to the work planned in this proposal.In this project, we will elucidate the relative importance of the host plant (both modern and ancestral wheat) in terms of genotype and root chemistry, as well as farming practices such as crop rotation and fertilisation regime, in shaping the wheat rhizosphere microbiome. The microbiome will be assessed using meta-genomic and meta-transcriptomic techniques; whereas the plant host genotype will be determined using diversity arrays technology and plant root chemistry through metabolomics. We will also identify keystone members of the rhizosphere microbiome through 'proof of principle' experiments to assess how manipulation of the microbiome structure influences plant performance. As such, we will obtain a holistic understanding of the factors influencing the microbiome structure, as well as how the microbiome influences both crop health and yield - both of which are required to optimise microbiome function for enhanced plant production in a sustainable manner.

目前的模型预测，到 2050 年，世界人口将达到 90 亿，农作物产量需要增加 70-100% 才能维持人口增长。小麦是英国种植面积最高的谷物，平均产量高于世界平均水平。然而，有人担心小麦产量的增长速度现已停滞。相比之下，巴西目前是小麦净进口国，但最近采取的举措，包括在热带草原地区（塞拉多）种植小麦，旨在提高产量和生产力，使巴西首先实现小麦生产自给自足，并最终实现小麦生产的自给自足。这种全球重要作物的出口国。因此，开发改进和先进的可持续小麦生产方法是两国的优先研究领域，Embrapa 和 BBSRC 之间的联合小麦研究计划就证明了这一点。当前的集约化农业实践依赖于不可持续水平的无机肥料、农药和其他化学品投入对环境有害且不可持续——显然，扩大这些农业实践以满足未来需求在经济或环境上都不可行，因此我们迫切需要探索其他选择来应对全球粮食安全挑战。植物上寄生着数量惊人的微生物，这些微生物的细胞密度远大于植物细胞的数量。最近的研究发现，土壤微生物以多种方式有益于农作物，包括改善植物营养状况和抑制疾病。然而，人们对这些群落的确切性质和所需的微生物伙伴知之甚少，更不用说它们使宿主植物受益的机制了。因此，确定土壤微生物群落如何影响小麦植株健康以实现可持续集约化生产非常重要。确定与植物相关的土壤微生物组的最佳组成，特别是根系（根际），为可持续土壤管理提供信息策略代表了一种新颖且独特的策略来促进植物生长和健康，这是以前从未尝试过的。根际微生物组可以提供一系列功能来维持植物发育，例如：固氮、营养增溶或防御病原体。然而，微生物与植物之间有益相互作用的机制尚不清楚。了解这些机制将是发展根际微生物组以实现小麦可持续生产的关键，也是本提案中计划的工作的核心。在本项目中，我们将阐明宿主植物（现代小麦和祖先小麦）在以下方面的相对重要性：基因型和根化学，以及轮作和施肥制度等农业实践，塑造小麦根际微生物组。将使用元基因组和元转录组技术评估微生物组；而植物宿主基因型将通过代谢组学使用多样性阵列技术和植物根部化学来确定。我们还将通过“原理验证”实验来确定根际微生物组的关键成员，以评估微生物组结构的操纵如何影响植物的性能。因此，我们将全面了解影响微生物组结构的因素，以及微生物组如何影响作物健康和产量——这两者都是优化微生物组功能以可持续方式提高植物产量所必需的。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Multitrophic interactions in the rhizosphere microbiome of wheat: from bacteria and fungi to protists.

DOI：
10.1093/femsec/fiaa032
发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
FEMS microbiology ecology
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Maike Rossmann;J. Perez-Jaramillo;V. N. Kavamura;J. Chiaramonte;K. Dumack;A. Fiore-Donno;L. Mendes;Márcia M. C. Ferreira;M. Bonkowski;J. Raaijmakers;T. Mauchline;R. Mendes
通讯作者：
Maike Rossmann;J. Perez-Jaramillo;V. N. Kavamura;J. Chiaramonte;K. Dumack;A. Fiore-Donno;L. Mendes;Márcia M. C. Ferreira;M. Bonkowski;J. Raaijmakers;T. Mauchline;R. Mendes

Land Management Legacy Affects Abundance and Function of the acdS Gene in Wheat Root Associated Pseudomonads.

DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2021.611339
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Frontiers in microbiology
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Ruscoe HL;Taketani RG;Clark IM;Lund G;Hughes D;Dodd IC;Hirsch PR;Mauchline TH
通讯作者：
Mauchline TH

Characterising the Influence of First-Year Wheat Cultivar on Pseudomonas Selection and Function in a Take-All Infected Field