NICOTINE, ENERGY BALANCE AND PREVENTION OF WEIGHT GAIN

尼古丁、能量平衡和预防体重增加

• 批准号: 3209432
• 负责人: KENNETH Alan PERKINS
• 金额: $ 17.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-07-01 至 1994-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3209432
• 关键词: appetite; bioenergetics; body physical activity; body temperature; caloric dietary content; drug withdrawal; eating; gender difference; metabolism; nicotine; nutrition related tag; satiations; taste; tobacco abuse; tobacco abuse education; weight control; appetite; bioenergetics; body physical activity; body temperature; caloric dietary content; drug withdrawal; eating; gender difference; metabolism; nicotine; nutrition related tag; satiations; taste; tobacco abuse; tobacco abuse education; weight control

Smokers generally have lower body weights than non-smokes and tend to gain weight after smoking cessation. The weight gain that occurs when smokers quit is a major reason many smokers give for not abstaining and is a significant cause of smoking relapse following cessation. This proposal is designed to investigate which aspects of the energy balance equation--caloric intake or expenditure--are involved in nicotine's effects on body weight. The focus will involve both the chronic effects of smoking status and the acute effects of nicotine on caloric intake, including perceived appetite, caloric consumption, satiety, and taste sensitivity and preference, and on caloric expenditure, including leisure time activity and fatigue, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and diet- and activity-induced thermogenesis (DIT, AIT). Study I will examine differences between 20 smokers and 20 non-smokers in reported daily food intake, ratings of sensitivity and preference for graded samples of sweet, salty, sour and bitter food, caloric consumption during a standard meal, and appetite and satiety ratings before and after the meal. This study will also investigate nicotine's effects on appetite and taste sensitivity and peference ratings by comparing smokers' ratings before and after receiving 1 mg. nicotine via inhalation with those before and after receiving placebo. Study II will examine the dose-response and cumulative effects of nicotine on RMR by presenting during 3 separate sessions 0 mg. (placebo), 1 mg., or 2 mg. nicotine every 30 minutes for 2 1/2 hours (5 presentations) to each of 20 smokers. Study III will investigate differences between 80 smokers and 40 non-smokers in RMR and DIT by presenting a caloric load or water, and will examine the acute effects of nicotine on RMR and DIT in smokers by administering nicotine or placebo following the caloric load or water. Nicotine's effect on DIT may relate to the efficiency of caloric storage in smokers. Finally, Study IV will investigate differences between 80 smokers and 40 non-smokers in reported leisure time activity and in AIT, and will examine in smokers the acute effects of nicotine on AIT and fatigue during a lighit workload. Nicotine's effect on AIT may indicate whether the caloric expenditure of daily activities is increased when performed while smoking. The results of these studies may offer directions for future research in the development of adjunct treatment for smoking cessation to prevent weight gain and thus reduce the likelihood of smoking relapse.

吸烟者的体重通常低于非烟味，并且往往会增加 戒烟后的体重。 吸烟者的体重增加 戒烟是许多吸烟者不弃权的主要原因，这是一个 停止后吸烟复发的重要原因。 该提议是 旨在研究能量平衡的哪些方面 方程式（平均摄入量或支出）参与尼古丁的效果 在体重上。 重点将涉及吸烟的慢性影响 尼古丁对热量摄入的状态和急性影响，包括 感知的食欲，热量消费，饱腹感和口味敏感性和 偏爱以及卡路里支出，包括休闲时间活动和 疲劳，静息代谢率（RMR）以及饮食和活动引起的 热生成（DIT，AIT）。 研究我将检查20之间的差异 吸烟者和20名非吸烟者每日食物摄入量，评级为 敏感性和偏爱甜，咸，酸和酸的样品 苦食，标准餐期间的热量消耗以及食欲和 饭前和之后的饱腹感。 这项研究也将 研究尼古丁对食欲和味觉敏感性的影响以及 通过比较吸烟者在接受之前和之后的等级评级 1毫克。尼古丁通过吸入之前和之后 安慰剂。 研究II将检查剂量反应和累积作用 通过在3个单独的会话0 mg中呈现RMR上的尼古丁。 （安慰剂），1 mg。或2 mg。每30分钟尼古丁2 1/2小时（5个演示） 到20名吸烟者中的每一个。 研究III将研究80之间的差异 通过呈现热量负载或 水，将检查尼古丁对RMR和DIT的急性影响 吸烟者在热量负载之后施用尼古丁或安慰剂或 水。 尼古丁对DIT的影响可能与热量的效率有关 存储吸烟者。 最后，研究IV将研究 80名吸烟者和40名非吸烟者报告的休闲时间活动和AIT中 并将在吸烟者中检查尼古丁对AIT的急性影响 在工作量工作中的疲劳。 尼古丁对AIT的影响可能表明 当日常活动的热量消耗是否会增加 吸烟时进行。 这些研究的结果可能会提供指示 用于开发吸烟辅助治疗的未来研究 停止以防止体重增加，从而减少吸烟的可能性 复发。