A Systems Approach to Disease Resistance Against Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens

针对坏死性真菌病原体的抗病系统方法

• 批准号: BB/M017877/1
• 负责人: Katherine Denby
• 金额: $ 60.04万
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM017877%2F1
• 关键词: Systems; Approach; Disease; Resistance; Against

The fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum have broad host ranges and cause serious disease on many horticultural crops. Both fungi can cause substantial losses on field-grown and protected lettuce crops, an industry worth almost £200 M annually in the UK. B. cinerea is a particular problem post-harvest, whereas S. sclerotiorum can result in up to 50% crop loss pre-harvest. Chemical control is problematic as few effective compounds are available, the number of sprays is restricted and timing is difficult. Moreover, the fungicides are medium to high risk for development of resistance. Development of durable resistance in the crop is a more sustainable solution, but has been an intransigent problem for lettuce breeders. The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate that a novel approach to breeding for pathogen resistance is possible.We will apply genomic and systems biology (computational) approaches in lettuce, and combine this with quantitative genetics studies to identify novel genes for increasing the resistance of lettuce to both B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum. This will provide a foundation to develop similar resistance to these pathogens in other horticultural crops.We have two hypotheses we want to test. Firstly, that we can identify genes which confer resistance to both B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum, two necrotrophic fungal pathogens. Genome sequencing of these fungi has indicated they share a range of genes associated with infection and colonization of plants, hence host resistance mechanisms against one pathogen might also confer resistance to the other.Secondly, we want to test the feasibility of applying systems biology research into horticultural crop species. We have used systems biology approaches to generate network models of how genes interact during the defence response of Arabidopsis to infection by B. cinerea. We combined large-scale gene expression data with mathematical modelling to predict the key resistance genes. In this work, we will carry out network analysis of the lettuce defence response and test whether the same genes are involved in disease resistance, and/or whether the hub genes in the network are important. This is a completely new approach to crop improvement, relying on gene-gene interactions during defence against pathogen infection. We will also look for conservation of disease resistance genes in tomato and Brassica, key crops affected by these pathogens.At the same time we will employ a more traditional quantitative genetic analysis to identify regions of the lettuce genome that influence resistance against both of these pathogens. We will screen nearly 100 lettuce accessions and cross accessions with the greatest resistance to a standard cultivar to generate mapping populations. A pre-existing mapping population (known to be segregating for disease resistance) will be screened for disease resistance to both B. cinerea and S. scerotiorum to identify important genomic regions for these traits.Finally we will integrate our quantitative genetic analysis and results from network analysis to generate lettuce lines and markers for use in breeding programmes. This project is possible because of the lettuce genome sequence that is available, as well as the extensive lettuce germplasm and genetic and genomic resources that Warwick has generated. The work will be exploited primarily through A.L.Tozer to develop lettuce varieties with increased resistance to B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum fungal pathogens.

灰葡萄孢和核盘菌的真菌病原体具有广泛的寄主范围，会对许多园艺作物造成严重的疾病，这两种真菌都会对田间种植和受保护的生菜作物造成重大损失，而英国的生菜产业每年价值近 2 亿英镑。灰霉病是收获后的一个特殊问题，而核盘菌可导致收获前高达 50% 的作物损失，化学防治也存在问题。有效的化合物是可用的，喷洒次数受到限制，而且时机也很困难，而且，在作物中产生持久抗性是一个更可持续的解决方案，但一直是一个顽固的问题。该提案的目的是证明一种新的病原体抗性育种方法是可能的。我们将在生菜中应用基因组和系统生物学（计算）方法，并将其与遗传定量研究相结合，以确定增加病原体抗性的新基因。的电阻生菜对 B. cinerea 和 S. sclerotiorum 都具有抗性，这将为在其他园艺作物中开发对这些病原体的类似抗性奠定基础。灰霉病和核盘菌这两种坏死性真菌病原体对这些真菌的基因组测序表明，它们具有一系列与植物感染和定植相关的基因，因此宿主对一种病原体具有抗性机制。其次，我们想测试将系统生物学研究应用于园艺作物物种的可能性。我们使用系统生物学方法来生成拟南芥对拟南芥感染的防御反应期间基因如何相互作用的网络模型。我们将大规模基因表达数据与数学模型相结合来预测关键抗性基因。在这项工作中，我们将对生菜防御反应进行网络分析，并测试相同的基因是否参与抗病性和/或。无论网络中的中心基因很重要，这是一种全新的作物改良方法，在防御病原体感染过程中依赖于基因间的相互作用，我们还将寻找受番茄和芸苔属影响的关键作物中抗病基因的保护。同时，我们将采用更传统的定量遗传分析来识别影响对这两种病原体的抗性的生菜基因组区域。我们将筛选近 100 个生菜种质和对标准品种具有最大抗性的交叉种质。生成作图群体。将筛选预先存在的作图群体（已知针对抗病性进行分离）对灰霉病菌和核盘菌的抗病性，以确定这些性状的重要基因组区域。最后，我们将整合我们的定量分析。遗传分析和网络分析结果，以生成用于育种计划的生菜品系和标记，由于可以获得生菜基因组序列，以及广泛的生菜种质和遗传和基因组资源，因此该项目是可能的。 Warwick 表示，这项工作将主要通过 A.L.Tozer 来开发对灰霉病菌和核盘菌真菌病原体具有更强抗性的生菜品种。

项目成果

Insect egg-induced physiological changes and transcriptional reprogramming leading to gall formation.

• DOI: 10.1111/pce.13930
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Plant, cell & environment
• 作者: C. Oates;K. Denby;A. Myburg;B. Slippers;S. Naidoo

Identification of genetic loci in lettuce mediating quantitative resistance to fungal pathogens.

• DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04129-5
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Pink, Harry;Talbot, Adam;Graceson, Abi;Graham, Juliane;Higgins, Gill;Taylor, Andrew;Jackson, Alison C.;Truco, Maria;Michelmore, Richard;Yao, Chenyi;Gawthrop, Frances;Pink, David;Hand, Paul;Clarkson, John P.;Denby, Katherine
• 通讯作者: Denby, Katherine

Addressing the threat of climate change to agriculture requires improving crop resilience to short-term abiotic stress

• DOI: 10.1177/0030727018807722
• 发表时间: 2018-12-01
• 期刊: OUTLOOK ON AGRICULTURE
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Beacham, Andrew M.;Hand, Paul;Monaghan, James M.
• 通讯作者: Monaghan, James M.

Transcriptional dynamics of the salicylic acid response and its interplay with the jasmonic acid pathway

• DOI: 10.1101/742742
• 发表时间: 2019-01-01
• 期刊: bioRxiv
• 作者: Hickman, R.;Mendes, M.P.;Denby, K.
• 通讯作者: Denby, K.

Identification of genetic loci in lettuce mediating quantitative resistance to fungal pathogens

介导对真菌病原体定量抗性的生菜遗传位点的鉴定

• DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.08.483472
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Pink H