14TSB_ATC_IR Renewable Fertiliser Production to Improve Agricultural Efficiencies & Avoid Environmental Harm

14TSB_ATC_IR 可再生肥料生产以提高农业效率

• 批准号: BB/M011917/1
• 负责人: Peter Styring
• 金额: $ 76.67万
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM011917%2F1
• 关键词: 14TSB_ATC_IR; Renewable; Fertiliser; Production; Improve

Nitrogenous fertilisers are used in agriculture to provide essential nutrients for crop growth. To maximise yield they normally contain ammonia or urea, (made from ammonia & CO2). Ammonia made from natural gas is responsible for 5% of global natural gas consumption (2% of world energy). Recent work by ITM Power has shown it is feasible to produce ammonia using renewable energy, where hydrogen is produced by the electrolysis of water and nitrogen captured from air. The project will design and build an integrated pilot scale system for ammonia production and urea synthesis. The unit will then be demonstrated on a UK farm. By producing fertiliser at a smaller scale, near to the point of use, it will be possible to decentralise fertiliser production, negating energy use to dry product for transport, reduce GHG emissions associated with fertiliser production and transport, improve UK food security and provide export revenues from fertiliser produced and system sales.This proposal relates to primary crop production and the need for intensification of agriculture while reducing the industry's adverse impacts on the environment. UK Agri-Tech strategy identifies the unsustainable rate of consumption of the world's natural resources as one of 2 primary failings of the global food system. This proposal addresses the need to reduce the environmental impact of the production of nitrogen fertilisers, which are crucial to achieving the necessary increase in productivity of agricultural land. Current production is a large-scale industrial process, involving the production of H2 from natural gas, which is catalytically reacted with N2 derived from the air to form anhydrous ammonia. The project will develop a technology for decentralised synthesis of ammonia based fertilisers (urea) using H2 generated by electrolysis of water using renewable electricity. The unit will be on a scale which enables fertiliser production close to the point of use, further reducing emissions related to transport. The project will demonstrate a route to decarbonise the production and transport of ammonia-based fertilisers. The Foresight 'Future of Food and Farming' report estimates agriculture contribute 12-14% of GHG emissions, including those associated with fertiliser production. Agricultural production uses 4% of global fossil-fuel energy (560 GW/17.7 EJ) of which 50% is required for nitrogen fixation in fertiliser production. The widespread deployment of the technology has potential to dramatically reduce the GHG emissions of fertiliser production. The Foresight report also identifies the strong influence of fossil fuel prices on food prices, an important part of which is the impact fuel prices have on the cost of fertiliser production. By decoupling urea synthesis from fossil fuel consumption, the technology has potential to insulate the UK agricultural industry from an important source of future production cost increases and price volatility. The distributed farm-scale of the process promises the potential for UK farmers to reduce their production costs and to establish new revenue streams from the supply of urea, both locally and with potential export markets. The technology can help to keep down the costs of UK produce and also safeguard employment in the agriculture sector. Deployment of the urea-production process close to sources of renewable electricity generation offers a number of potential benefits to generators, including reduced grid connection costs, potential for reduced grid curtailment costs and improved price certainty. These savings translate into further potential revenue streams for the fertiliser plant operator. Deployment of the plant could also increase the capacity of renewable generation that can be connected, leading to further indirect environmental benefits.The project is business-led involving UK SMEs in technology and engineering sectors, while also drawing on the strengths of the UK academic community.

氮肥用于农业，为作物生长提供必需的营养。为了最大化产量，它们通常含有氨或尿素（由氨和CO2制成）。由天然气制成的氨负占全球天然气消耗的5％（占世界能源的2％）。 ITM Power的最新工作表明，使用可再生能源产生氨是可行的，在这种能源中，通过从空气中捕获的水和氮的电解产生氢。该项目将设计并建立一个用于氨生产和尿素合成的集成试验量表系统。然后，该部门将在英国农场进行演示。通过以较小的规模生产肥料，可以分散肥料的生产，消除能源用途来干燥产品进行运输，减少与肥料生产和运输相关的温室气体排放，改善英国的粮食安全，并提供产生的肥料和系统销售中的肥料的出口收入。这些提案与较高的促进性化相关的是，对农作物的产生和侵害了侵害。英国农业技术战略将世界自然资源的消费率不可持续为全球食品系统的2个主要失败之一。该提案解决了减少氮肥生产的环境影响的必要性，这对于实现农业土地生产力必要的提高至关重要。当前的生产是一个大规模的工业过程，涉及天然气的H2产量，天然气与源自空气衍生的N2反应形成无水氨。该项目将使用使用可再生电力通过电解的水产生的H2来开发一种用于分散基于氨基化肥（尿素）的技术。该装置的规模将使肥料产生接近使用点，从而进一步减少与运输相关的排放。该项目将展示一条脱碳的途径，使基于氨的肥料的生产和运输。预见的“食品和农业的未来”报告估计，农业贡献了12-14％的温室气体排放，包括与肥料产量相关的排放。农业生产利用4％的全球化石燃料能量（560 GW/17.7 EJ），其中氮固定在肥料生产中需要50％。该技术的广泛部署有可能大大减少肥料生产的温室气体排放。远观报告还确定了化石燃料价格对食品价格的强烈影响，其中重要的部分是燃料价格对肥料产量的影响。通过将尿素合成从化石燃料消耗中解耦，该技术有可能使英国农业产业与未来生产成本提高和价格波动的重要来源隔离。该过程的分布式农场规模有望使英国农民降低其生产成本并从当地和潜在的出口市场中建立新的收入来源。该技术可以帮助降低英国农产品的成本，并保护农业领域的就业。尿素生产过程的部署接近可再生能源发电的来源为发电机提供了许多潜在的收益，包括降低网格连接成本，降低电网削减成本的潜力以及提高了价格确定性。这些节省转化为肥料厂运营商的进一步潜在收入来源。该工厂的部署还可以提高可连接的可再生能源生成能力，从而导致进一步的间接环境利益。该项目以业务为主导的英国中小企业在技术和工程领域，同时还借鉴了英国学术界的优势。

项目成果

Assessing the potential of utilization and storage strategies for post-combustion CO2 emissions reduction

• DOI: 10.3389/fenrg.2015.00008
• 发表时间: 2015-01-01
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Armstrong, Katy;Styring, Peter
• 通讯作者: Styring, Peter

Highlights from the Faraday Discussion on Carbon Dioxide Utilisation, Sheffield, UK, September 2015.

法拉第二氧化碳利用讨论要点，英国谢菲尔德，2015 年 9 月。

• DOI: 10.1039/c5cc90511g
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)
• 作者: Castro-Osma JA

The life cycle environmental impacts of a novel sustainable ammonia production process from food waste and brown water

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128776
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: S. Ghavam;Caroline M. Taylor;P. Styring

Blue Urea: Fertilizer With Reduced Environmental Impact

• DOI: 10.3389/fenrg.2019.00088
• 发表时间: 2019-08-28
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Driver, Justin G.;Owen, Rhodri E.;Styring, Peter
• 通讯作者: Styring, Peter

Kinetic and economic analysis of reactive capture of dilute carbon dioxide with Grignard reagents.

用格氏试剂反应捕获稀二氧化碳的动力学和经济分析。

• DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00049a
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Faraday discussions
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Dowson GR