AUDITORY INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MIDBRAIN AND THALAMUS

中脑和丘脑的听觉信息处理

• 批准号: 2014435
• 负责人: JEFFREY JAMES WENSTRUP
• 金额: $ 14.93万
• 依托单位: NORTHEAST OHIO MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-12-01 至 2000-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2014435
• 关键词: Chiroptera; acoustic nerve; auditory cortex; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; binaural hearing; cochlear implants; inferior colliculus; medial geniculate body; mesencephalon; neural information processing; neuronal transport; neurophysiology; stereotaxic techniques; thalamus

Acoustic behavior relies on information conveyed by projection systems from the inferior colliculus to the medal geniculate body and then to the auditory cortex. The long term goal of this research is to evaluate auditory information processing in these projection systems. The proposed research will examine mechanisms by which neurons analyze spectrally and temporally complex sounds. Special attention is placed on anatomical connections and physiological properties which give rise to combination - sensitive neurons. These neurons, which combine inputs responding to different frequencies in the appropriate temporal relationships, perform computational analyses of complex sounds. The proposed studies examine these in the mustached bat auditory system, where they are best understood. The initial experiments describe, using physiological recording, functional properties and organization of combination-sensitive neurons in the inferior colliculus. These experiments will guide retrograde tracing studies that identify auditory brain stem nuclei which may contribute to the combination-sensitive response of collicular neurons. Physiological recordings will be obtained from auditory brain stem regions identified in the preceeding anatomical experiments. These will provide examine whether combination sensitivity originates in inferior colliculus neurons, or at lower levels. An anterograde tracer will be placed in an auditory brain stem region that appears to contribute to combination sensitivity in the inferior colliculus; this can confirm a potential contribution to inferior collicular combination sensitivity. Finally, chemical inactivation experiments will test the presumed role of brain stem nuclei in creating these response features in the colliculus. Because the thalamic reticular nucleus appears to contribute to combination-sensitive responses in the medial geniculate body, its functional properties and anatomical connections will also be examined. Acoustically-guided behavior, including speech and other forms of acoustic communication and sound localization, often relies on neural mechanisms which combine information across different frequency bands. Combination-sensitive neurons in the mustached bat form a major pathway from the inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body, and then to the auditory cortex, in which temporal information is encoded. In humans, structural irregularities in the medial geniculate body have been implicated in language disorders characterized by temporal processing deficits. Studies of mechanisms creating combination-sensitive neurons in mustached bats may provide a deeper understanding of how analagous speech processing systems operate in humans.

声学行为依赖于投影系统传达的信息 从下丘到奖牌膝状体，然后到 听觉皮层。这项研究的长期目标是评估 这些投影系统中的听觉信息处理。拟议的 研究将检查神经元分析光谱和 时间复杂的声音。特别关注解剖学 引起组合的连接和生理特性 - 敏感的神经元。这些神经元结合了响应的输入 在适当的时间关系中的不同频率，执行 复杂声音的计算分析。拟议的研究审查 这些在小胡子蝙蝠的听觉系统中是最好的 明白了。 最初的实验描述，使用生理记录， 组合敏感神经元的功能特性和组织 在下丘。这些实验将指导逆行 追踪研究识别听觉脑干核，这可能 有助于丘脑神经元的组合敏感反应。 生理记录将从听觉脑干获得 在前面的解剖实验中确定的区域。这些将 提供检查组合敏感性是否源于劣质 丘神经元，或在较低水平。顺行示踪剂将是 放置在听觉脑干区域，似乎有助于 下丘的组合敏感性；这可以确认 对较差的丘脑组合敏感性的潜在贡献。 最后，化学灭活实验将测试假定的作用 脑干核在产生这些反应特征时的作用 丘。因为丘脑网状核似乎有助于 对内侧膝状体的组合敏感反应，其 功能特性和解剖学连接也将受到检查。 声学引导的行为，包括言语和其他形式的行为 声学通信和声音定位通常依赖于神经 结合不同频段信息的机制。 小胡子蝙蝠中的组合敏感神经元形成了主要通路 从下丘到内侧膝状体，然后到 听觉皮层，其中编码时间信息。在人类中， 内侧膝状体的结构不规则 涉及以时间处理为特征的语言障碍 赤字。创建组合敏感神经元的机制研究 胡须蝙蝠的研究可能会让我们更深入地了解类似的行为是如何发生的 语音处理系统在人类身上运行。