COLOR AND LUMINANCE INTERACTIONS IN VISUAL CORTEX

视觉皮层中颜色和亮度的相互作用

• 批准号: 6012768
• 负责人: ELIZABETH N JOHNSON
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-02 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6012768
• 关键词: Macaca fascicularis; behavioral /social science research tag; brightness discrimination; cell type; color visions; electrodes; electroencephalography; histology; lateral geniculate body; neural information processing; oscillography; space perception; visual cortex; visual feedback; visual perception; visual stimulus; visual threshold

DESCRIPTION Most objects in the normal visual environment vary in luminance and chromaticity, and are rarely differentiated solely by either brightness or color. Psychophysical studies using the simultaneously presentation of color-varying and luminance-varying stimuli indicate that there is a wide range of non-linear color-luminance interactions, but the nature and extent of chromatic and luminance interactions in early visual cortex remains unclear. The proposed experiments aim to determine whether these interactions occur in single neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) of anesthetized, paralyzed macaque monkeys. The monkeys will be presented with drifting gratings containing a super-position of equiluminant color and luminance. The contrasts of the chromatic and the luminance components are varied independently, allowing for a complete parametric analysis of the effects of a broad range of chromatic and luminance contrasts. Spatial features, such as waveform, spatial frequency, and relative phase will be varied. This range of stimuli closely resembles the stimuli used in the psychophysical studies. It will therefore bee possible to determine whether responses as early as V1 show the same strong non-linear effects observed psychophysically. Control experiments in the lateral geniculate nucleus will verify the range of interactions that originate in V1. Histological reconstruction of each electrode penetration will allow cells to be classified according to their anatomical organization to determine trends among cells linked to the processing of color and luminance within the known V1 network hierarchy. Discerning the mechanisms involved in normal early cortical processing of color and luminance will enable us to correlate neurophysiological responses to perception. In addition, it will allow for a better understanding of the chromatic and spatial vision deficits facing many patients with cortical damage, aiding the development of better diagnostic tests for such visual deficits.

描述正常视觉环境中的大多数对象在亮度和色彩方面都有不同，并且很少仅通过亮度或颜色而分化。心理物理研究使用同时表现出颜色变化和亮度相反的刺激表明存在广泛的非线性颜色渗透相互作用，但是早期视觉皮层中色素和亮度相互作用的性质和程度仍然不清楚。提出的实验旨在确定这些相互作用是否发生在麻醉，瘫痪的猕猴的主要视觉皮层（V1）中。猴子将以含有平衡颜色和亮度的超级位置的漂移光栅呈现。色素和亮度组件的对比是独立的，可以对广泛的色彩和亮度对比的影响进行完整的参数分析。空间特征，例如波形，空间频率和相对相。这种刺激范围与心理物理研究中使用的刺激非常相似。因此，蜜蜂可以确定响应早在V1时是否表现出相同的强烈非线性效应，从心理物理上观察到。横向基因核中的对照实验将验证源自V1的相互作用的范围。每种电极穿透的组织学重建将使细胞根据其解剖组织进行分类，以确定与已知V1网络层次结构中颜色和亮度相关的细胞之间的趋势。辨别颜色和亮度正常皮质加工涉及的机制将使我们能够将神经生理学的反应与感知相关联。此外，它将更好地理解许多具有皮质损伤的患者面临的色彩和空间视力缺陷，从而有助于为这种视觉缺陷提供更好的诊断测试。