SPEECH AERODYNAMICS--REGULATION/CONTROL IN CLEFT PALATE

言语空气动力学——腭裂的调节/控制

基本信息

批准号：
2749306
负责人：
DONALD W WARREN
金额：
$ 22.33万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1985-09-01 至 2000-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2749306
关键词：
adult human (21+) age difference behavioral /social science research tag cleft palate human subject middle childhood (6-11) neural information processing perception pulmonary respiration respiratory airflow disorder respiratory airflow measurement respiratory airway pressure respiratory airway volume sound speech speech disorder diagnosis statistics /biometry vocal cords

项目摘要

Cleft palate speech is usually characterized by two major distortions, one of resonance and the other of articulation. Both relate to an inability to attain adequate velopharyngeal closure. The articulation errors associated with velopharyngeal inadequacy are of particular interest to clinician. and researchers because the problems they pose usually remain after surgical repair and the reasons they appear may have important implications for speech-motor control. It is paradoxical that, although velopharyngeal inadequacy stimulates compensatory speech behaviors, such responses tend to further undermine, rather than enhance, speech performance. The intriguing question of why individuals develop &nd maintain such detrimental behaviors has been the focus of our laboratory's attention over the past 30 years. Our studies suggest that these behaviors may be attempts to satisfy requirements of a regulating system. The hypothesis that speech aerodynamics follow the rules of a physiologic regulation system implies that the brain receives information, processes it and then directs the control activities. Implicit in this hypothesis are 1) the existence of sensors within the vocal tract that monitor the aerodynamic environment and 2) the capability for such afferent information to be used on-line to invoke appropriate motor responses. The primary objective of this current proposal is to assess the properties of the sensory system that may be used to monitor speech aerodynamics. The approach will involve physiologic and psychophysical assessments of the sensitivity of the monitoring system during speech. Specifically, we will use newly developed instrumentation that can alter resistance within the vocal tract environment in about 10 ms. These sudden changes in airway resistance during production of speech sounds will be used to assess the sensitivity of the monitoring system both physiologically and perceptually. Comparisons will be made between physiologic detection and psychophysical detection. This approach will also provide information on the responsivity of the aerodynamic monitoring system (e.e. latency of response) in noncleft subjects and subjects with velopharyngeal inadequacy. The information obtained from these experiments should prove to be helpful in elucidating the possible role of afferent information in the control of movements of speech structures and in the perception of changes within the vocal tract environment.

腭裂言语通常有两个主要的扭曲特征：一个是共鸣，另一个是发音。两者都涉及一个无法获得足够的腭咽闭合。衔接与腭咽功能不全相关的错误尤其重要临床医生的兴趣。和研究人员，因为他们提出的问题通常在手术修复后仍然存在，它们出现的原因可能有对言语运动控制具有重要意义。矛盾的是，尽管腭咽功能不全会刺激代偿性言语行为，此类反应往往会进一步削弱而不是增强，演讲表现。个人为什么会发展这个有趣的问题保持这种有害行为一直是我们的重点近30年来实验室的关注。我们的研究表明这些行为可能是为了满足监管要求系统。语音空气动力学遵循以下规则的假设生理调节系统意味着大脑接收信息，对其进行处理，然后指导控制活动。该假设隐含的是 1) 传感器内的存在监测空气动力环境的声道和 2) 在线使用此类传入信息来调用的能力适当的运动反应。本次活动的首要目标提议是评估感觉系统的特性，这些特性可能是用于监测语音空气动力学。该方法将涉及对敏感度的生理和心理物理评估演讲期间的监控系统。具体来说，我们将使用新的开发出可以改变声乐阻力的仪器大约 10 毫秒内的管道环境。这些气道的突然变化产生语音期间的阻力将用于评估监测系统的生理和生理敏感性感性上。生理检测和检测之间进行比较心理物理检测。该方法还将提供以下信息：空气动力学监测系统的响应度（即延迟反应）在非唇腭裂受试者和腭咽受试者中不足。从这些实验中获得的信息应该证明有助于阐明传入信息的可能作用控制言语结构的运动和感知声道环境的变化。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（69）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Effect of age on nasal cross-sectional area and respiratory mode in children.

年龄对儿童鼻横截面积和呼吸方式的影响。

DOI：
10.1288/00005537-199001000-00018
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
The Laryngoscope
影响因子：
0
作者：
Warren,DW;Hairfield,WM;Dalston,ET
通讯作者：
Dalston,ET

Hypernasality and velopharyngeal impairment.

鼻过度和腭咽损伤。

DOI：
10.1597/1545-1569_1994_031_0257_havi_2.3.co_2
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association
影响因子：
0
作者：
Warren,DW;Dalston,RM;Mayo,R
通讯作者：
Mayo,R

Effects of odorants and irritants on respiratory behavior.

气味剂和刺激物对呼吸行为的影响。

DOI：
10.1002/lary.5541040517
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
The Laryngoscope
影响因子：
0
作者：
Warren,DW;Walker,JC;Drake,AF;Lutz,RW
通讯作者：
Lutz,RW

Monitoring nasal and oral airway patency.

监测鼻腔和口腔气道的通畅情况。

DOI：
10.1597/1545-1569_1995_032_0390_mnaoap_2.3.co_2
发表时间：
1995
期刊：
The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association
影响因子：
0
作者：
Henrich,DE;Hotson,S;Drake,AF;Warren,DW
通讯作者：
Warren,DW

Effects of size of the nasal airway on nasal airflow rate.