NEURAL MECHANISMS OF CUTANEOUS SPATIAL INTEGRATION

皮肤空间整合的神经机制

• 批准号: 2655427
• 负责人: ESTHER P. GARDNER
• 金额: $ 42.38万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-04-01 至 2002-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2655427
• 关键词: Primates; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; hand; human subject; neural information processing; parietal lobe /cortex; proprioception /kinesthesia; sensorimotor system; somesthesis; somesthetic sensory cortex; touch

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): This project analyzes the role of neural networks in the cerebral cortex mediating the sensory function of the hand. It aims to understand how the hand acquires information through the sense of touch, and how sensory information about object size and shape guides the fingers in skilled tasks. The experiments investigate the neural mechanisms that mediate prehension: the ability to recognize and manipulate objects grasped in the hand. Neurophysiological recordings from single neurons and cortical ensembles in SI, SII and posterior parietal cortex measure the precise temporal relations between neural populations representing individual fingers at several stages of the cortical network to assess the functional significance of hierarchical and parallel processing. They evaluate the hypothesis that the brain uses sequential hierarchical and parallel distributed cortical networks in concert to compare the general features that classify an object grasped in the hand with its unique details. The experiments test important hypotheses concerning hand function: (1) Cortical representation of object size is an emergent property of hand use. (2) Population activity provides a better representation of object size and shape than the responses of individual neurons. (3) Tactile and proprioceptive inputs are bound together by synchrony of firing. (4) Hand movement enhances kinesthetic sensitivity. (5) Posterior parietal cortex encodes the spatial location of objects whereas the somatosensory areas of the lateral sulcus signal object form. Recordings made from populations of neurons distributed across the cerebral cortex will demonstrate how the brain integrates information from the fingers and from tactile and proprioceptive submodalities to form a unified percept of the grasped object. Synchronous measurement of the kinematics of hand movement and cortical electrophysiology will explain how the exploratory and manipulative procedures used to handle objects provide the sensory information necessary for fine motor control of the fingers and stereognostic appreciation of form. These studies will provide fundamental insights into the organization of cortical circuits, and the role of sequential hierarchical networks and parallel distributed processing in cortical function. The experimental paradigms will help define the neural basis of stereognosis, a major neurological test of hand function. They will provide novel and important neurophysiological data on sensorimotor integration in hand function, the tactile information processing capabilities of the cortex, the functional organization of different cytorarchitectural areas, and the temporal integration of spatial information within the cortex.

描述（根据调查员的摘要改编）：这个项目 分析神经网络在介导的大脑皮层中的作用 手的感觉功能。 它旨在了解手的收购方式 通过触摸感以及有关感官信息的信息 物体大小和形状指导熟练的任务中的手指。 实验 研究介导预性的神经机制： 识别并操纵手里握住的物体。 神经生理学 SI，SII和 后顶叶皮层测量 在几个阶段代表单个手指的神经种群 皮质网络评估层次结构和 并行处理。 他们评估了大脑使用的假设 顺序分层和并行分布的皮质网络 演唱会比较对物体掌握的对象进行分类的一般特征 拥有独特细节的手。 实验检验重要假设 关于手部功能：（1）对象大小的皮质表示是一个 手用的紧急属性。 （2）人口活动提供了更好的 对象大小和形状的表示比个人的响应 神经元。 （3）触觉和本体感受的输入由 射击同步。 （4）手动运动增强了动力学灵敏度。 （5）后顶壁皮层编码物体的空间位置 而侧沟信号对象形式的体感区域。 由分布在大脑上的神经元种群的录音 皮层将展示大脑如何整合来自 手指以及触觉和本体感受的育形成统一的 感知抓握的对象。 同步测量的运动学 手动运动和皮质电生理学将解释如何 用于处理对象的探索性和操纵性程序提供 手指的精细运动控制所需的感官信息和 对形式的立体认知欣赏。 这些研究将提供基本 对皮质回路组织的见解以及 顺序分层网络和并行分布式处理 皮质功能。 实验范式将有助于定义神经 立体认知的基础，这是手部功能的主要神经系统测试。 他们 将提供有关感觉运动的新颖而重要的神经生理数据 集成在手功能中，触觉信息处理 皮质的功能，不同的功能组织 细胞结构区域以及空间的时间整合 皮质中的信息。