LONG TERM STABLE BIOINDICATOR FOR RADIATION EXPOSURE

长期稳定的辐射暴露生物指示剂

• 批准号: 2485327
• 负责人: BASIL V WORGUL
• 金额: $ 28.46万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2485327
• 关键词: biomarker; cataract surgery; clinical research; environmental radiation; epidemiology; epithelium; human subject; lens; longitudinal human study; lymphocyte; micronucleus; occupational hazard; radiation dosage; radiation hazard

DESCRIPTION: The goal of this project is to standardize the Micronucleus (MN) Assay in the eye lens to permit its utilization as a means to evaluate low level radiation exposure of individuals. The method has the potential to provide first approximations or corroborating estimates of exposure levels. Thus it can be used to justify a more robust epidemiological follow-up. Based on the highly regarded MN test typically employing blood cells to quantify exposure to genotoxins, the lens MN assay would be applied to lens epithelial fragments (tags) removed from surgical cataract patients who had resided near, or worked in, locales in which there existed a potential for radiation exposure. The unique biology of the lens complements the test by dramatically extending the duration (up to a working lifetime) over which Mns can express and can provide a cumulative record over that time-frame. In order to optimize the utility of the method, a dose-response calibration is required in a dose-defined population. We propose to calibrate the Lens MN Assay against dose by using tags removed from an epidemiologically and dosimetrically well-defined subset of workers at the Chernobyl site, the clean-up crews or "Liquidators". The study will involve 600 of the 130,000 Liquidators who worked on site during the period from the time of the accident (April, 1986) through February, 1987. Lymphocytes from a subset of the 600 will be also be assessed by the FISH-translocation assay to confirm the overall dosimetry and allow the comparison of the Lens MN assay against another, more established, bioindicator. The lens MN test imposes little burden on individuals in populations being surveyed since cataract extraction is a necessary, and extremely common surgical procedure. The recovery and proper handling of the tissue does not require additional expertise on the part of the surgeon nor does it extend the length of the operation. In addition, its relatively low cost, speed, and quantitative, long-term integrative capability, all recommend this biomarker for primary dose reconstruction in individuals, as well as communities in the United States, at risk from radiation hazards. Finally, it can serve to validate whether or no the cataracts which occasion the tag removal are the result of radiation exposure either in the workplace or from environmental sources.

描述：该项目的目标是标准化微核 (MN) 在眼晶状体中进行测定，以允许将其用作评估手段 个人的低水平辐射暴露。 该方法有潜力 提供暴露的初步近似或证实的估计 水平。 因此，它可以用来证明更强有力的流行病学研究的合理性。 后续行动。 基于备受推崇的 MN 测试（通常使用血液） 细胞来量化基因毒素的暴露，将应用晶状体 MN 测定 从手术白内障患者身上取出的晶状体上皮碎片（标签） 曾经居住在存在某种物质的地方附近或工作过的人 潜在的辐射暴露。 晶状体的独特生物学 通过显着延长持续时间（直到工作时间）来补充测试 生命周期），Mns可以表达并且可以提供累积记录 在那个时间范围内。 为了优化该方法的效用， 在剂量确定的人群中需要进行剂量反应校准。 我们 建议使用移除的标签来根据剂量校准 Lens MN Assay 来自流行病学和剂量学上明确定义的工人子集 在切尔诺贝利现场，清理人员或“清理者”。 该研究将 涉及期间在现场工作的 130,000 名清算人中的 600 人 从事故发生时（1986年4月）到1987年2月。 来自 600 个子集的淋巴细胞也将由 FISH 易位测定可确认总体剂量测定并允许 Lens MN 检测与另一种更成熟的检测的比较 生物指示剂。 晶状体 MN 测试对人群中的个体几乎没有造成任何负担 由于白内障摘除术是必要且极为常见的，因此进行了调查 手术过程。 组织的恢复和正确处理并不 需要外科医生额外的专业知识，也不延伸 操作的长度。 此外，其成本相对较低、速度快、 还有定量、长期综合能力，都推荐这个 用于个体初次剂量重建的生物标志物，以及 美国的社区面临辐射危害的风险。 最后， 它可以用来验证白内障是否引起标签 去除是由于工作场所或来自其他地方的辐射暴露造成的 环境来源。