LONG TERM STABLE BIOINDICATOR FOR RADIATION EXPOSURE

长期稳定的辐射暴露生物指示剂

• 批准号: 2485327
• 负责人: BASIL V WORGUL
• 金额: $ 28.46万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2485327
• 关键词: biomarker; cataract surgery; clinical research; environmental radiation; epidemiology; epithelium; human subject; lens; longitudinal human study; lymphocyte; micronucleus; occupational hazard; radiation dosage; radiation hazard

DESCRIPTION: The goal of this project is to standardize the Micronucleus (MN) Assay in the eye lens to permit its utilization as a means to evaluate low level radiation exposure of individuals. The method has the potential to provide first approximations or corroborating estimates of exposure levels. Thus it can be used to justify a more robust epidemiological follow-up. Based on the highly regarded MN test typically employing blood cells to quantify exposure to genotoxins, the lens MN assay would be applied to lens epithelial fragments (tags) removed from surgical cataract patients who had resided near, or worked in, locales in which there existed a potential for radiation exposure. The unique biology of the lens complements the test by dramatically extending the duration (up to a working lifetime) over which Mns can express and can provide a cumulative record over that time-frame. In order to optimize the utility of the method, a dose-response calibration is required in a dose-defined population. We propose to calibrate the Lens MN Assay against dose by using tags removed from an epidemiologically and dosimetrically well-defined subset of workers at the Chernobyl site, the clean-up crews or "Liquidators". The study will involve 600 of the 130,000 Liquidators who worked on site during the period from the time of the accident (April, 1986) through February, 1987. Lymphocytes from a subset of the 600 will be also be assessed by the FISH-translocation assay to confirm the overall dosimetry and allow the comparison of the Lens MN assay against another, more established, bioindicator. The lens MN test imposes little burden on individuals in populations being surveyed since cataract extraction is a necessary, and extremely common surgical procedure. The recovery and proper handling of the tissue does not require additional expertise on the part of the surgeon nor does it extend the length of the operation. In addition, its relatively low cost, speed, and quantitative, long-term integrative capability, all recommend this biomarker for primary dose reconstruction in individuals, as well as communities in the United States, at risk from radiation hazards. Finally, it can serve to validate whether or no the cataracts which occasion the tag removal are the result of radiation exposure either in the workplace or from environmental sources.

描述：该项目的目的是标准化微核 （MN）在眼镜中的测定允许其利用作为评估的手段 个体的低水平辐射暴露。 该方法具有潜力 提供首次近似或证实暴露的估计值 水平。 因此，它可以用来证明更强大的流行病学 后续。 根据备受推崇的MN测试通常使用血液 细胞量化暴露于遗传毒素的细胞，将应用镜头MN分析 从手术白内障患者中取出的晶状体上皮片段（标签） 谁住在附近或工作的地方 辐射暴露的潜力。 镜头的独特生物学 通过大幅度延长持续时间来补充测试（最多工作 MNS可以表达并可以提供累积记录的生命周期） 在那个时间范围内。 为了优化该方法的实用程序 在剂量定义的人群中需要剂量反应校准。 我们 建议通过使用已删除标签来校准镜头MN测定剂量 从流行病学和剂量法上明确定义的工人子集中 在切尔诺贝利地点，清理人员或“清算人”。 研究将 在此期间在现场工作的130,000名清算人中有600名 从事故发生（1986年4月）到1987年2月。 来自600个子集的淋巴细胞也将由 鱼类转换测定法以确认整体剂量法并允许 比较镜头MN分析与另一个更既定的， 生物指导者。 镜头MN测试对人群中的个人几乎没有负担 由于白内障提取是必要的，而且非常普遍，因此进行了调查 外科手术。 组织的恢复和正确处理不会 需要外科医生的其他专业知识 操作的长度。 此外，其成本相对较低，速度， 以及定量的长期整合能力，都建议这样做 用于个体的初级剂量重建的生物标志物以及 美国的社区，受到辐射危害的风险。 最后， 它可以用来验证是否存在标签的白内障 去除是工作场所中辐射暴露的结果 环境来源。