EVERYDAY PROBLEM SOLVING IN A SOCIAL CONTEXT AND AGING

解决社会背景下的日常问题和老龄化

• 批准号: 2705470
• 负责人: Fredda H. Blanchard-Fields
• 金额: $ 25.09万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-15 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2705470
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); age difference; aging; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; clinical research; cognition; conflict; coping; ego /superego /id; emotions; functional ability; geriatric nursing; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; interpersonal relations; longitudinal human study; problem solving; social problems; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (adapted from investigator's abstract): The proposed research examines everyday problem-solving in a social context in adulthood and aging. Although there is evidence to suggest that developmental differences in problems solving are amplified in emotionally laden contexts, they are conflicting views as to the nature of these differences. In order to further examine age-related differences in everyday problem-solving, context effects such as domain specificity of the problem, emotional salience, age-relevance of the problem, and various forms of problem appraisal will be examined jointly. Initial studies will generate a large and representative sampling of both problem situations and strategies within domains of social and instrumental problem-solving. This will be followed by a series of studies systematically examining the above context effects. A second goal is to examine the joint relationship between different forms of problem-solving (abstract reasoning, activities of daily living, epistemic reasoning, and social problem-solving) with respect to differential developmental patterns in adulthood. Finally, individual differences in cognitive abilities, beliefs, response styles, and ego level will be related to differences in everyday problem solving. In this way developmental changes in everyday problem-solving can be clarified by understanding individual differences in relevant variables. The immediate aim of this 5-year project is to examine everyday problem- solving in social and instrumental contexts in relation to emotional salience, problem appraisal, and individual differences. The long-term perspective yields ways of assessing successful aging in social everyday problem-solving situations as well as implications for adaptive coping in adulthood.

描述（改编自研究者的摘要）：拟议的研究 检查成年后社会背景下的日常问题解决方式， 老化。尽管有证据表明发育 在情绪沉重的情况下，解决问题的差异会被放大 在不同的背景下，他们对这些问题的性质有相互冲突的看法 差异。为了进一步检验年龄相关的差异 日常问题解决、上下文影响，例如领域的特殊性 问题、情感显着性、问题的年龄相关性以及各种 将共同审查问题评估的形式。初步研究将 生成两种问题情况的大量且具有代表性的样本 以及社会和工具解决问题领域内的策略。 随后将进行一系列系统研究 上面的上下文效果。第二个目标是检查联合关系 不同形式的问题解决之间（抽象推理、活动 日常生活、认知推理和社会问题解决） 尊重成年期的差异性发展模式。最后， 认知能力、信念、反应方式的个体差异， 自我水平将与日常解决问题的差异有关。 通过这种方式，日常问题解决的发展变化可以 通过了解相关变量的个体差异来澄清。 这个为期 5 年的项目的近期目标是研究日常问题 - 解决与情感相关的社会和工具环境 显着性、问题评估和个体差异。长期来看 观点产生了在日常生活中评估成功老龄化的方法 解决问题的情况以及对适应性应对的影响 成年期。