Pinpointing the Cerebellum's Contribution to Social Reward Processing

确定小脑对社会奖励处理的贡献

• 批准号: 10541308
• 负责人: Haroon Skander Popal
• 金额: $ 3.33万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10541308
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Affective; Algorithms; Applications Grants; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; Cerebellum; Cerebrum; Clinical; Cognitive; Computational algorithm; Computer Models; Data; Data Set; Disease; Emotions; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Face; Fellowship; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Human; Incidence; Individual; Laboratory Research; Language; Learning; Lesion; Link; Literature; Machine Learning; Mental disorders; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Mus; Neonatal; Neurons; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Phase; Play; Population; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Rewards; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Social Behavior; Testing; Training; Work; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavior observation; cerebellar lesion; cognitive process; computational neuroscience; design; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; experimental study; fetal; imaging study; improved; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; insight; motor deficit; neuroimaging; peer; relating to nervous system; response; reward processing; skills; social; social cognition; social deficits; social learning; social neuroscience; supervised learning; theories; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY The cerebellum has long been thought to solely process motor information. Yet, there is a growing literature that points to a role of the cerebellum in processes across multiple domains. Individuals with cerebellar lesions classically have motor deficits but, in some instances, also have problems with executive functioning, emotion processing, language, and social cognition. Multiple psychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), have been linked to structural and functional differences in the cerebellum. Moreover, numerous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported neural responses in the cerebellum related to a host of non-motor tasks. These findings provide evidence that the cerebellum is involved in non- motor tasks, but it remains entirely unclear how the cerebellum contributes to performance on these tasks. F99 Phase: Models have been successfully developed to explain the role of the cerebellum in motor processing. These models emphasize the cerebellum's role as a learning machine that modulates and perfects ongoing processing through the online comparison of reality to an internal model, thereby utilizing sensory prediction errors. Recent findings in humans and mice suggest that portions of the cerebellum are involved in reward processing; a process which has primarily been investigated in regards to the basal ganglia. It is unclear what computational role the cerebellum plays in this reward processing, as the cerebellum has been said to explicitly operate without reward information. To understand this, the present proposal will use fMRI in healthy young adults to study the cerebellum's contribution to both traditional (e.g. monetary) and social reward processing, and to differentiate it from the role of the basal ganglia in reward processing. The training plan for this proposal includes training in computational modeling methods related to reward processing. It also includes training in social neuroscience theories and task design. Computational modeling will allow us to explore parameters that are not easily discernable from behavioral observations of an experiment alone and to directly test theories about the cerebellum's algorithmic processing, by providing insight into the cerebellum's algorithmic computations across multiple task domains, and its role in traditional and social reward processing. These findings will provide insight into the cerebellum's mechanistic capabilities. K00 Phase: Individuals with ASD exhibit deficits in social cognition and in social reward processing. Structural, functional, and connectivity differences have implicated the cerebellum in this disorder, with neonatal cerebellar damage being the second highest predictor of ASD. The K00 phase will investigate how the cerebellum performs in individuals with autism, who have deficits in social reward processing. The training plan in this phase of the proposal will focus on learning computational modeling of reinforcement learning and applying these models to cerebellum functioning with fMRI. The training plan also includes goals to develop mentorship skills to prepare the applicant to establish a diverse and inclusive independent research laboratory.

项目概要 长期以来，小脑一直被认为只处理运动信息。然而，文学作品却在不断增多 这表明小脑在跨多个领域的过程中发挥着作用。有小脑病变的个体 通常存在运动缺陷，但在某些情况下，也存在执行功能、情绪问题 处理、语言和社会认知。多种精神疾病，包括自闭症谱系障碍 （ASD），与小脑的结构和功能差异有关。而且，无数 功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究报告了小脑的神经反应 与许多非运动任务相关。这些发现提供了证据表明小脑参与非 运动任务，但小脑如何促进这些任务的表现仍然完全不清楚。 F99阶段：已成功开发模型来解释小脑在运动中的作用 加工。这些模型强调小脑作为学习机器的作用，调节和完善 通过现实与内部模型的在线比较进行持续处理，从而利用感官 预测错误。最近在人类和小鼠中的研究结果表明，小脑的一部分参与 奖励处理；主要针对基底神经节进行研究的过程。这是 不清楚小脑在这种奖励处理中扮演什么计算角色，因为小脑一直在 据说在没有奖励信息的情况下显式操作。为了理解这一点，本提案将使用功能磁共振成像 健康的年轻人研究小脑对传统（例如金钱）和社会奖励的贡献 处理，并将其与基底神经节在奖励处理中的作用区分开来。培训计划为 该提案包括与奖励处理相关的计算建模方法的培训。它还 包括社会神经科学理论和任务设计的培训。计算模型将使我们能够 探索仅从实验的行为观察中不容易辨别的参数，并 通过深入了解小脑的算法处理，直接测试有关小脑算法处理的理论 跨多个任务域的算法计算及其在传统和社会奖励处理中的作用。 这些发现将有助于深入了解小脑的机械能力。 K00 阶段：自闭症谱系障碍患者在社会认知和社会奖励处理方面表现出缺陷。结构性， 功能和连接差异表明小脑与这种疾病有关，新生儿 小脑损伤是 ASD 的第二高预测因素。 K00 阶段将研究如何 自闭症患者的小脑表现不佳，他们在社会奖励处理方面存在缺陷。培训计划 在这一阶段的提案将重点学习强化学习的计算建模和 通过功能磁共振成像将这些模型应用于小脑功能。培训计划还包括制定目标 指导技能，帮助申请人做好建立多元化和包容性独立研究实验室的准备。