Optimizing prescribing decisions for hospitalized older adults with chronic conditions

优化患有慢性病的住院老年人的处方决策

• 批准号: 10506881
• 负责人: Timothy S Anderson
• 金额: $ 24.27万
• 依托单位: BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10506881
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Adverse Drug Experience Report; Adverse drug event; Aging; Awareness; Benefits and Risks; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Caring; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Cognition; Cohort Studies; Communication; Consensus; Data; Decision Making; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Management; Elderly; Electronic Health Record; Face; Feedback; Focus Groups; Foundations; Geography; Geriatrics; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Health Surveys; Hospital Administration; Hospitalists; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Hypertension; Impaired cognition; Inpatients; Intervention; Israel; Knowledge; Learning; Life Expectancy; Literature; Measures; Medical center; Medicine; Mentors; Methods; Outcome; Participant; Patient Outcomes Assessments; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Patients; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacoepidemiology; Polypharmacy; Positioning Attribute; Primary Health Care; Process; Prognosis; Prospective cohort study; Reporting; Research; Research Support; Risk; Safety; Self Efficacy; Testing; base; design; disorder control; experience; functional decline; hospital readmission; human old age (65+); implementation framework; improved; innovation; inpatient service; multiple chronic conditions; novel; patient oriented; personalized approach; personalized decision; pilot test; prospective; randomized trial; shared decision making; skills; therapy development; tool; treatment guidelines

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Over 7 million adults ages 65 and older are hospitalized in the US annually, of whom two-thirds have multiple chronic conditions. Older adults are often discharged with changes to medications for chronic conditions, such as hypertension and diabetes, which are not directly related to their reason for hospitalization. In current practice, neither prior chronic disease control nor key geriatric issues such as multimorbidity, polypharmacy, or cognition appear to influence discharge prescribing decisions. There is an urgent need to reorient the current approach to hospital management of older adults’ chronic conditions from a number-driven to a patient- centered decision-making process. Treatment guidelines have not been designed to inform decisions for hospitalized older adults, who more often face multimorbidity and, while recovering from acute illness, may face transient cognitive and functional decline and long-term changes in prognosis that impact both risks and benefits of chronic disease medications. Although substantial efforts have been made to improve discharge medication reconciliation, little focus has been placed on understanding clinician rationale for changing chronic medications or patient rationale for non-persistence to changes, which may include ADEs or poor communication of changes. My long-term goal is to become a national leader in improving the safety and quality of chronic disease management for older adults across transitions of care. The objectives of this proposal are to conduct a prospective cohort study to address current knowledge gaps on the clinician rationale for chronic medication changes prescribed at discharge and subsequent patient outcomes. This novel information will inform the development and pilot testing of a clinical decision framework which will incorporate geriatric principles to individualize discharge prescribing decisions for hospitalized older adults, focusing on 2 exemplar conditions: hypertension and diabetes. Mentored by a superb team of experts in aging research, hospital medicine, pharmacoepidemiology, and clinician-focused intervention development, I will: 1) Conduct a prospective mixed-methods cohort study of older adults discharged from the hospital with chronic medication changes to evaluate clinician’s reasons for making medication changes, older adults' understanding of changes, and patient-reported outcomes following changes; 2) Develop and refine a clinical decision framework for individualizing discharge diabetes and hypertension prescribing decisions for hospitalized older adults 3) Conduct a pilot pretest-posttest trial to learn if providing the clinical decision framework tool to facilitates self-efficacy to individualize prescribing decisions and leads to improved patient understanding of medication changes. This proposal will produce an innovative geriatrics-informed approach for chronic condition prescribing decisions for hospitalized older adults. Completion of the proposal will position me as a national leader in peri-hospitalization care of older adults and provide me the foundational knowledge, skills, and experiences necessary to design and test interventions to improve prescribing decisions

项目概要/摘要 美国每年有超过 700 万 65 岁及以上的成年人住院，其中三分之二患有多种疾病 老年人出院时通常会更换治疗慢性病的药物，例如。 如高血压和糖尿病，这与他们住院的原因没有直接关系。 实践中，既没有先前的慢性病控制，也没有关键的老年问题，例如多重发病、多重用药或 认知似乎会影响出院处方决策，迫切需要重新调整当前的方向。 医院对老年人慢性病的管理方法从数字驱动到患者驱动 以中心为中心的决策过程并不旨在为决策提供信息。 住院的老年人，他们更经常面临多种疾病，并且在从急性疾病中恢复时，可能会 面临短暂的认知和功能下降以及影响风险和预后的长期变化 尽管已经做出了大量努力来改善出院情况。 药物协调，很少关注了解临床医生改变慢性病的理由 药物或患者不坚持改变的理由，其中可能包括 ADE 或不良反应 我的长期目标是成为改善安全和环境的国家领导者。 护理过渡过程中老年人慢性病管理的质量。 建议进行一项前瞻性队列研究，以解决临床医生目前的知识差距 出院时处方的慢性药物变化和随后的患者结果的基本原理。 信息将为临床决策框架的开发和试点测试提供信息，该框架将纳入 为住院老年人制定个性化出院处方决策的老年学原则，重点关注 2 典型病症：高血压和糖尿病，由衰老研究领域的优秀专家团队指导， 医院医学、药物流行病学和以临床医生为中心的干预措施开发，我将： 1) 进行 长期服药出院老年人的前瞻性混合方法队列研究 评估临床医生改变药物治疗的原因、老年人对药物治疗的理解的变化 2) 制定和完善临床决策 出院老年人个体化糖尿病和高血压处方决策框架 3) 进行试点前测-后测试验，以了解是否提供临床决策框架工具 促进个体化处方决策的自我效能，并提高患者对药物的理解 该提案将为慢性病提供一种创新的老年医学知情方法。 完成该提案将使我成为一名住院老年人的处方决定。 老年人住院期间护理方面的国家领导者，为我提供了基础知识、技能、 以及设计和测试干预措施以改进处方决策所需的经验