Ultrafast and Precise External Beam Monitor for FLASH and Other Advanced Radiation Therapy Modalities

用于 FLASH 和其他先进放射治疗方式的超快且精确的外部光束监视器

基本信息

批准号：
10489828
负责人：
Peter S Friedman
金额：
$ 63.72万
依托单位：
INTEGRATED SENSORS, LLC
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-16 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10489828
关键词：
Area Arrhythmia Atrial Fibrillation Businesses Calibration Cancer Patient Carbon ion Cardiac Clinical Clinical Trials Collaborations Community Clinical Oncology Program Cyclotrons Development Dose Dose-Rate Electron Beam Electrons Ensure Europe Feedback Funding Human Imaging technology International Ionizing radiation Ions Laboratories Legal patent Letters Licensing Methods Michigan Modality Monitor Motion Normal tissue morphology Nuclear Physics Particle Accelerators Patients Performance Phase Photons Physics Positioning Attribute Problem Solving Protons Radiation Radiation Dose Unit Radiation Oncology Radiation therapy Resolution Roentgen Rays Safety Scanning Societies Speed Synchrotrons System Techniques Technology Testing Thinness Time Tissues Toxic effect Translations Tumor Tissue Universities Update base cancer therapy carbon ion therapy clinical implementation clinical translation cost design detector dosimetry fractionated radiation improved interest ionization medical schools meetings millisecond novel particle beam patient safety prevent programs proton beam proton therapy prototype response side effect signal processing treatment duration tumor

项目摘要

Summary/Abstract FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) is a novel form of radiation therapy that promises large sparing of normal- tissues in cancer treatment while showing no tumor sparing. In FLASH-RT, the radiation dose is delivered to the tumor and normal tissues in milliseconds rather than minutes. FLASH-RT is only effective when given with large doses per fraction delivered in 1-3 treatment sessions. It would shorten a standard 30-day treatment to 1- 3 days, thus greatly reducing side-effects and radiation therapy costs to both the patient and society. The first human patient was successfully treated in 2018. The first clinical trial with ten (10) patients started in the U.S. in November 2020. Additional clinical trials are planned for 2021 in the U.S. and in Europe with at least 100 patients. A major limitation of FLASH-RT, preventing a fast translation to clinical use, is the lack of detectors capable of meeting the requirements needed to monitor and terminate the FLASH-RT treatment in real time. We propose to develop and demonstrate a large area, ultrafast and precise external beam monitor for FLASH-RT, universally suitable for electrons, protons, photons, and ions, that can terminate the beam in ≤1 ms while the patient is being treated. For this proposal, we will primarily focus on developing and demonstrating the system for electron FLASH-RT with linacs and proton FLASH-RT with existing cyclotrons, but will also demonstrate performance using X-rays. Unlike strip or wire ionization chambers, the proposed system is based on our patented (Jan 2020 and Nov 2020) ionizing-radiation beam monitoring system technology, which can provide ultrafast readout with concurrent analysis of the radiation beam position, profile, and fluence/dosimetry in real time at a rate of ≥10 kHz (i.e., beam analysis ≤100 µs). The proposed system provides real-time dosimetry, beam control, and verification for FLASH-RT. It provides an accurate 2D position and beam profile of rapidly scanned beams with a spatial resolution of a few microns over an active beam monitoring area of 26 cm x 30 cm. The beam monitor response is linear, without saturation, for all FLASH-RT beam luminosities. Proton beam testing will be primarily at the University of Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory, and electron beam testing at the Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory. The proposed program is for 3-years and will evolve from fabrication and testing of a quarter-scale beam monitor in Year 1 to a full-size system with self-calibration capability in Year 3. Our principal collaborators on this program include the University of Michigan, Physics Department, and Loma Linda University, School of Medicine. The proposed beam monitor constitutes a critical enabling technology for all types of FLASH-RT. It will ensure the safety, quality, and efficiency of FLASH radiation therapy, allowing cancer patients to be successfully treated with much higher doses, fewer side-effects, and excellent tumor control. It is also suitable for spatially fractionated radiation therapy techniques such as GRID, LATTICE, microbeam RT (MRT), and proton-minibeam RT (pMBRT). The proposed beam monitor is also being designed into a novel (patent pending) ultrafast radioablation system that eliminates the motion problem for treating cardiac arrhythmia (AFib). OMB No. 0925-0001/0002 (Rev. 01/18 Approved Through 03/31/2020) Page Continuation Format Page

摘要/摘要闪光放射治疗 (FLASH-RT) 是一种新型放射治疗形式，有望大量保留正常组织。在 FLASH-RT 中，放射剂量被传递到癌症治疗中的组织，同时显示没有肿瘤保留。 FLASH-RT 仅在大剂量给药时才有效，只需几毫秒而不是几分钟。在 1-3 个治疗疗程中提供每个部分的剂量，这会将标准 30 天的治疗缩短为 1-3 天，从而大大减少患者和社会的副作用和放射治疗成本。患者于 2018 年获得成功治疗。首个涉及十 (10) 名患者的临床试验于 2018 年在美国启动 2020 年 11 月。计划于 2021 年在美国和欧洲进行至少 100 名患者的额外临床试验。 FLASH-RT 的一个主要限制是缺乏能够快速转化为临床应用的检测器满足实时监测和终止 FLASH-RT 治疗所需的要求。开发并演示用于 FLASH-RT 的大面积、超快且精确的通用外部光束监视器适用于电子、质子、光子和离子，可在患者接受治疗时在 ≤1 毫秒内终止射束对于这个提案，我们将主要关注电子系统的开发和演示带有直线加速器的 FLASH-RT 和带有现有回旋加速器的质子 FLASH-RT，但也将展示性能与带状或线状电离室不同，所提议的系统基于我们的专利（2020 年 1 月）和 2020 年 11 月）电离辐射束监测系统技术，可提供超快读数以 ≥10 的速率实时并行分析辐射束位置、轮廓和注量/剂量测定 kHz（即射束分析≤100 µs）。所提出的系统提供实时剂量测定、射束控制和它提供了快速扫描光束的精确 2D 位置和光束轮廓。光束监测器在 26 厘米 x 30 厘米的活动光束监测区域内具有几微米的空间分辨率。对于所有 FLASH-RT 光束亮度测试，响应都是线性的，没有饱和。密歇根大学离子束实验室和圣母院辐射中心的电子束测试实验室计划为期三年，将从四分之一规模的制造和测试中发展而来。从第一年的光束监视器到第三年具有自校准功能的全尺寸系统。我们的主要合作者该项目的合作伙伴包括密歇根大学物理系和洛马琳达大学学院医学。所提出的光束监视器构成了所有类型 FLASH-RT 的关键支持技术。将确保FLASH放射治疗的安全、质量和效率，让癌症患者以更高的剂量成功治疗，副作用更少，并且肿瘤控制效果极佳。用于空间分割放射治疗技术，例如 GRID、LATTICE、微束 RT (MRT) 和质子微型束 RT (pMBRT) 也正在被设计成一种新颖的（正在申请专利）。超快放射消融系统可消除治疗心律失常 (AFib) 时的运动问题。 OMB 编号 0925-0001/0002（修订版 01/18 批准至 03/31/2020）页面延续格式页面