Individual Differences in the Development of Spatial Skills: Role of Hippocampal Function and Structure

空间技能发展的个体差异：海马功能和结构的作用

基本信息

批准号：
10487392
负责人：
Aaron Mattfeld
金额：
$ 48.08万
依托单位：
FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-08 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10487392
关键词：
4 year old 6 year old Address Adult Affect Alzheimer&apos s Disease Animals Anxiety Behavioral Biological Blinking Brain Child Child Development Cognition Cognitive Competence Crowding Cues Data Development Foundations Future Goals Grant Growth Hippocampus (Brain)Human Impairment Individual Individual Differences Intervention Knowledge Learning Left Link Location Longevity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Measures Methodology Mission Myelin National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neighborhoods Neurites Neurobiology Neurodevelopmental Disorder Outcome Performance Population Positioning Attribute Preschool Child Process Proxy Research Role Sampling School-Age Population Scientist Short-Term Memory Structure Syndrome Testing Time Visit Williams Syndrome Work age group age related base classical conditioning clinically relevant cognitive ability cohort density dentate gyrus early childhood eyeblink conditioning imaging modality improved innovation longitudinal dataset neuromechanism novel racial and ethnic racial diversity relating to nervous system skills spatial memory success theories way finding

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Remembering where you left your keys, finding your car in a crowded parking lot, locating items on a map, and navigating through an unfamiliar neighborhood are all tasks that require spatial skills, such as spatial memory, navigation, and reorientation. These spatial skills are adaptive functions that are critical for survival. The hippocampus has been well established as a neural structure that is essential for spatial skills in both animals and human adults. In contrast, relatively little is known about how hippocampal function and structure relates to various spatial skills in children. It is know that, compared to school-aged children and adults, preschool children tend to perform poorly on spatial tasks, suggesting that their hippocampi may not be mature enough to process the demands of such tasks. Unfortunately, these studies have only primarily focused on differences between age groups (e.g., 4-year-olds vs. 6-year-olds) leaving a knowledge gap in our understanding of the individual differences that exists in performance across this span of development, as well as the underlying neural mechanisms which may contribute to this variability. Therefore to address this gap in our knowledge, the current study will examine individual differences in the development of spatial skills and whether these differences can be explained by developmental changes in hippocampal function and structure. Specifically, in the proposed 4-year R01 grant, the project, utilizing an economically- and ethnically/racially-diverse sample of 208 4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds aims to: (1) determine whether individual differences on spatial tasks can be explained by individual differences in hippocampal function by employing a hippocampal-dependent associative learning task (i.e., EBC) using a cross-sectional sample; (2) determine whether individual differences on spatial tasks can be explained by individual differences in hippocampal structure, including subfield volume, neurite density, cortical myelin, and hippocampal-cortical connectivity, measured via structural magnetic resonance imaging using a cross- sectional sample, and; (3) characterize changes in hippocampal function and structure that result in gains in and development of spatial skills using a cohort of 4-year-olds that will be observed longitudinally at 6 years of age. Thus, the proposed grant provides a framework for identifying hippocampal functioning and structure in a developing population not previously studied and for examining the role of the hippocampus in children’s developing spatial competence. In addition to advancing knowledge about the role of the hippocampus in children’s developing spatial skills, results from the proposed research would lay the foundation for future work addressing hippocampal structure and functioning in both typical and atypical (e.g., Williams Syndrome) developing populations, as well as future work examining the cascading cognitive consequences (i.e., spatial working memory; spatial anxiety) of individual differences in hippocampal development.

项目摘要/摘要记住你把钥匙放在哪里、在拥挤的停车场找到你的车、在地图上定位物品以及在陌生的社区中导航都是需要空间技能的任务，例如空间记忆、导航和重新定位。这些空间技能是对生存至关重要的适应性功能，海马体已被确定为对动物和成人的空间技能至关重要的神经结构。相比之下，人们对海马体的功能知之甚少。和结构与儿童的各种空间技能有关众所周知，与学龄儿童和成人相比，学龄前儿童往往在空间任务上表现不佳，这表明他们的海马体可能还不够成熟，无法处理此类任务的要求。不幸的是，这些研究主要只关注年龄组之间的差异（例如 4 岁与 6 岁儿童），这使得我们对这一发展跨度中表现中存在的个体差异的理解存在知识差距。，以及潜在的神经机制因此，为了解决我们知识上的这一差距，本研究将研究空间技能发展的个体差异，以及这些差异是否可以通过海马功能和结构的发展变化来解释。该项目为期 4 年的 R01 资助，利用 208 名 4 岁、5 岁和 6 岁儿童的经济和民族/种族多样化样本，旨在：(1) 确定空间任务上的个体差异是否可以解释经过(2) 确定空间任务上的个体差异是否可以通过海马结构的个体差异来解释，包括子区域体积、神经突密度、皮质髓磷脂和海马-皮质连接性，使用横截面样本通过结构磁共振成像测量，以及(3)表征海马功能和结构的变化使用一组 4 岁儿童进行空间技能的增益和发展，并在 6 岁时进行纵向观察。因此，拟议的赠款提供了一个框架，用于识别发展中人群的海马功能和结构。研究并检查海马体在儿童发展空间能力中的作用除了增进有关海马体在儿童发展空间技能中的作用的知识之外，拟议研究的结果还将为未来解决海马结构和发展的工作奠定基础。在典型和非典型（例如威廉姆斯综合症）发展人群中发挥作用，以及未来研究海马发育个体差异的级联认知后果（即空间工作记忆；空间焦虑）。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Volumetric development of hippocampal subfields and hippocampal white matter connectivity: Relationship with episodic memory.

海马亚区的体积发育和海马白质连接：与情景记忆的关系。

DOI：
发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Dick, Anthony Steven;Ralph, Yvonne;Farrant, Kristafor;Reeb;Pruden, Shannon;Mattfeld, Aaron T
通讯作者：
Mattfeld, Aaron T

Neurite density of the hippocampus is associated with trace eyeblink conditioning latency in 4‐ to 6‐year‐olds

海马体的神经突密度与 4 至 6 岁儿童的微量眨眼条件反射潜伏期相关

DOI：
10.1111/ejn.16217
发表时间：
2023-12-13
期刊：
European Journal of Neuroscience
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
V. Vieites;Yvonne K Ralph;Bethany Reeb;A. Dick;A. Mattfeld;Shannon M. Pruden
通讯作者：
Shannon M. Pruden