Determining the role of OXR1 in aging and Alzheimer's disease

确定 OXR1 在衰老和阿尔茨海默病中的作用

• 批准号: 10461321
• 负责人: Lisa M Ellerby
• 金额: $ 85.14万
• 依托单位: BUCK INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH ON AGING
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-30 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10461321
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease brain; Alzheimer' s disease model; Alzheimer' s disease pathology; Alzheimer' s disease patient; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Amyloid beta-42; Amyloid beta-Protein; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animal Model; Apolipoprotein E; Atrophic; Autophagocytosis; Autopsy; Binding Proteins; Cell Death; Collaborations; Data; Diet; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Etiology; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Homeostasis; Human; Impaired cognition; Intervention; Late Onset Alzheimer Disease; Letters; Link; Longevity; Lysosomes; Measures; Mediating; Medicine; Membrane; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Mustard; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Nutrient; Oxidative Regulation; Oxidative Stress; PLA2G6 gene; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacology; Play; Prosencephalon; Proteins; Proteomics; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Resistance; Risk Factors; Role; Seizures; Signal Pathway; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Intervention; Tissues; Up-Regulation; Variant; Work; age related; age related neurodegeneration; base; cholinergic; design; dietary restriction; epidemiology study; fly; genetic risk factor; genome wide association study; healthspan; induced pluripotent stem cell; knock-down; loss of function; mouse model; neuroprotection; novel; overexpression; prevent; programs; promoter; protective effect; proteostasis; stem cell model; tau Proteins; therapeutic development; therapeutic target; tool; trans-Golgi Network

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Despite identifying some of the genetic risk factors for AD, the precise etiology of most cases of Late-Onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is unknown. Subsequently, therapies to treat AD have been largely unsuccessful. Two important risk factors for AD, aging, and diet, with aging being the greatest risk factor for AD, remain largely ignored. Dietary restriction (DR), one of the most robust interventions to slow aging, also delays the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in multiple models across species. We exploited the short lifespan and powerful genetic tools in D. melanogaster to identify that mustard (mtd)/oxidative stress resistance protein 1 (OXR1) in neurons is required for the protective effects of DR on lifespan. Importantly, we have observed that OXR1 protects against age-related neurodegeneration in fly and human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived models of neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanisms by which OXR1 protects against neurodegeneration remains unclear. We observed that inhibiting OXR1 reduces retromer proteins while enhancing retromer function, rescues the deleterious effects of inhibiting OXR1. Furthermore, we found that alterations in OXR1 and several retromer proteins are associated with an increased risk of AD in humans using proteomics data from over 1000 AD patients from the Accelerating Medicines Program-Alzheimer’s Disease (AMP-AD) network. Here, we propose to test the hypothesis that OXR1 enhances retromer function to slow aging and neurodegeneration using fly and human iPSC models of AD. In the first aim, we will determine the mechanisms of regulation of OXR1 and how that influences aging and age-related neuronal damage. In the second aim, we will determine the DR-dependent role of OXR1 in enhancing retromer function and the role of retromer in mediating the protective effects of DR. To determine the mechanism by which OXR1 enhances retromer function upon DR; we will use proteomics to determine and characterize the protein binding partners of OXR1. In the third aim, we will test the role of OXR1 in protecting against neurodegeneration in models of AD, and by enhancing retromer function. We will test whether OXR1 modulates AD pathology in fly models that overexpress human tau or amyloid β (Aβ). We will overexpress OXR1 and retromer proteins in forebrain cholinergic and cortical neuron derived AD iPSCs and measure AD endpoints: Aβ42/40 accumulation, cell death, and electrophysiology. Because OXR1 regulates retromer function in the fly, we will evaluate whether this regulation is conserved in human AD-derived iPSCs and carry out omics approaches to identify key signaling pathways mediating OXR1’s protective effects. By characterizing retromer function and protein networks regulated by OXR1 and their role in aging and age-dependent neurodegeneration, we will provide novel targets for developing therapeutics to slow AD-related pathologies and extend healthspan. Furthermore, we will determine whether reuse of proteins through retromer under nutrient limiting conditions is neuroprotective and slows aging.

项目概要/摘要 尽管确定了 AD 的一些遗传风险因素，但大多数晚发型病例的确切病因 阿尔茨海默病 (LOAD) 尚不清楚。随后，治疗 AD 的疗法基本上不成功。 AD 的两个重要危险因素：衰老和饮食，其中衰老是 AD 的最大危险因素，在很大程度上仍然存在 饮食限制（DR）是延缓衰老最有力的干预措施之一，也能延缓衰老的发生。 我们在跨物种的多个模型中利用了阿尔茨海默病（AD）的短暂寿命和强大功能。 黑腹果蝇中鉴定芥末 (mtd)/氧化应激抗性蛋白 1 (OXR1) 的遗传工具 DR 对寿命的保护作用需要神经元中的 OXR1。 防止果蝇和人诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 中与年龄相关的神经变性 OXR1 预防神经退行性疾病的机制。 我们观察到抑制 OXR1 会减少逆转录酶蛋白，同时增强逆转录酶。 功能，挽救抑制 OXR1 的有害影响此外，我们发现 OXR1 和 OXR1 的改变。 根据蛋白质组学数据，几种逆转录酶蛋白与人类 AD 风险增加相关 来自阿尔茨海默病加速药物计划 (AMP-AD) 网络的 1000 多名 AD 患者， 我们建议检验 OXR1 增强逆转录酶功能以延缓衰老和神经退行性变的假设 使用 AD 的果蝇和人类 iPSC 模型 第一个目标是确定 AD 的调节机制。 OXR1 及其如何影响衰老和年龄相关的神经元损伤 在第二个目标中，我们将确定。 OXR1 在增强逆转录酶功能中的 DR 依赖性作用以及逆转录酶在介导 为了确定 OXR1 对 DR 增强逆转录酶功能的机制； 将使用蛋白质组学来确定和表征 OXR1 的蛋白质结合伴侣。 测试 OXR1 在 AD 模型中防止神经变性的作用，并通过增强逆转录酶 我们将测试 OXR1 是否在过度表达人类 tau 的果蝇模型中调节 AD 病理。 我们将在前脑胆碱能和皮质神经元中过度表达 OXR1 和逆转录酶蛋白 β (Aβ)。 衍生 AD iPSC 并测量 AD 终点：Aβ42/40 积累、细胞死亡和电生理学。 由于 OXR1 在果蝇中调节逆转录酶功能，我们将评估该调节在果蝇中是否保守。 人类 AD 衍生的 iPSC 并进行组学方法来识别介导 OXR1 的关键信号通路 通过表征 OXR1 调节的逆转录酶功能和蛋白质网络及其在其中的作用。 衰老和年龄依赖性神经退行性疾病，我们将为开发减缓衰老的疗法提供新的靶点 AD 相关病理和延长健康寿命此外，我们将确定是否重复使用蛋白质。 在营养限制条件下通过逆转录酶具有神经保护作用并延缓衰老。