PRECURSORS OF ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR--FOLLOW UP TO AGE 6

反社会行为的前兆——追踪至 6 岁

• 批准号: 2250230
• 负责人: Daniel S Shaw
• 金额: $ 41.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-30 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2250230
• 关键词: aggression; antisocial personality; behavior test; child psychology; early experience; family structure /dynamics; human subject; impulsive behavior; infant human (0-1 year); longitudinal human study; low socioeconomic status; male; maternal behavior; mother child interaction; peer group; population survey; preschool child (1-5); questionnaires; sibling relations; socioeconomics

In order to complete a survey of a possible developmental pathway leading to defiance and other antisocial behavior in male children from stressed low income families, it is proposed to carry out follow-up assessments at 57 and 72 months with an initial sample of 310 males previously evaluated at 18, 24, and 42 months. The hypotheses are that insecure attachments in the first year of life result from the interactions of demanding infants and unresponsive mothers who, living in limited space and under economic stress, engage in power struggles between 12 and 24 months, when the infants become mobile and more autonomous. As a result, the infants become more noncompliant and the mothers become more manipulative, leading to coercive cycles of interaction between 2 1/2 and 3 1/2 years. It is further hypothesized that between 3 1/2 and 6 years, the coercive cycles of interaction spread to other members of the family, and the parents' discipline becomes inconsistent and ineffective. By age 6, the child is impulsive and restless, and becomes increasingly defiant with parents, aggressive and hostile with siblings and peers. The hypotheses involve tracing developmental events for the entire period from 18 to 72 months and, linking extensive research that has been carried out on attachment up to the preschool period, on the one hand, and on coercive cycles of parent-child interaction in the case of early school-age children on the other. The two latter bodies of research as yet have not been integrated empirically on low income samples despite their greater risk for developing later externalizing behavior problems. Because the follow-up covering 18, 24, and 42 months was considered too much of an undertaking given the time constraints and budgetary restrictions of a FIRST Award, the review committee recommended a separate submission for a later follow-up, provided it was logistically feasible. Now it appears both feasible and desirable to carry out a follow-up at 57 and 72 months since recruitment of the sample is complete, data collection of the first two assessments points is nearly finished, and data from a pilot study and the present investigation indicate results supporting a developmental pathway leading to early disruptive behavior from 12 to 36 months. The present application includes two 57-month home visits and a 72-month laboratory assessment so we can continue to pursue this pathway.

为了完成对可能发展途径的调查 违背男女的反抗和其他反社会行为 低收入家庭，建议在 57和72个月，先前评估的310名男性的初始样本 在18、24和42个月。假设是 生命的第一年是由苛刻的婴儿互动而产生的 以及不反应的母亲，他们生活在有限的空间和经济下 压力，在12到24个月之间进行动力斗争，当 婴儿变得移动，更自主。结果，婴儿成为 更不合规，母亲变得更具操纵性，导致 2 1/2至3 1/2年之间相互作用的强制性循环。这是 进一步假设，在3 1/2到6年之间，强制循环 互动传播给家庭的其他成员，父母的 纪律变得不一致和无效。到6岁，孩子是 冲动和躁动不安，并变得越来越反抗父母 具有兄弟姐妹和同龄人的侵略性和敌对。假设涉及 追踪整个期间18到72个月的发展事件 并且，链接有关依恋的广泛研究 一方面，到学龄前 如果是早期学龄儿童的亲子互动 其他。后来的两个研究机构尚未集成 在低收入样本上，尽管有更大的风险 发展后来的外部化行为问题。 因为涵盖18、24和42个月的后续活动也被考虑 鉴于时间限制和预算的大部分工作 审查委员会的限制，审查委员会建议单独 提交以后的后续行动，前提是在逻辑上可行。 现在，在57号进行后续行动似乎是可行的，也是可取的 自样本招募以来已有72个月，数据收集 在前两个评估点中，几乎已经完成，来自 试点研究和本研究表明结果支持 发育途径导致12至36的早期破坏行为 月份。本申请包括两个57个月的家庭访问和一个 72个月的实验室评估，因此我们可以继续追求这一途径。