AIDS & ADOLESCENTS--RISK REDUCTION BY BEHAV INTERVENTION

艾滋病

基本信息

批准号：
3385468
负责人：
JOHN BARTON JEMMOTT
金额：
$ 50.49万
依托单位：
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1991-09-01 至 1996-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The broad objectives f this proposal are to understand why inner-city Black female adolescents who are at high risk for HIV infection engage in risky sexual behavior and to identify procedures to deter such behavior. A field experiment will examine whether AIDS knowledge interventions can reduce risk behavior and whether interventions that contain a behavioral skills component designed to modify maladaptive attitudes, increase skill at negotiating difficult sexual situations, and enhance ability and motivation to implement safe sex practices are more effective that knowledge-only interventions. Second, it examines whether interventions with mothers of adolescents can reduce adolescents' risky behavior. Participants will include 600 healthy sexually active Black female adolescent outpatients recruited from the teen clinic of a children's hospital serving a low-income, inner-city community. Adolescents will be randomly assigned to one of three developmentally and culturally appropriate interventions: (a) an AIDS knowledge intervention, (b) an AIDS knowledge plus behavioral skill- building intervention,or (c) a structurally similar control intervention on general health promotion. Orthogonal to this, the adolesecents' mothers are randomly assigned to (a) an AIDS knowledge intervention, (b) the AIDS knowledge intervention plus a behavioral skill-building intervention designed to enhance mothers' ability and motivation to transmit pertinent knowledge and attitudes to their daughters and to communicate with them regarding sexual activity, or (c) a control, general health promotion intervention. The approach draws on Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action, Bandura's self-efficacy theory, and applicant's previous AIDS intervention research with Black adolescent populations. Repeated measures ANOVA, planned contrasts, and multiple regression will be used to test experimental effects postintervention and at 3, 6, and 12-month follow-ups. The key outcome variable is self-reported sexual behavior, one not likely to be influenced by self-report biases. Other measures include theoretically relevant variables hypothesized to mediate interventions effects, including AIDS knowledge, attitudes, perceived norms, intentions, and self-efficacy. Analyses will also examine whether interventions effects are systematically different depending on participant characteristics, including age, amount of sexual experience, sexual anxiety, assertiveness, and impulsivity in adolescents and mothers' sexual anxiety. This information would guide the development of interventions tailored to subgroups of the adolescents. Additional analyses will examine whether correlates and precursors of risky behavior suggested by prior research are evident in this population.

该提议的广泛目标是了解为什么内城黑人女性青少年患HIV感染的高风险在有风险的性行为中，并确定程序以阻止这种行为行为。现场实验将检查是否有助于知识干预措施可以减少风险行为，以及是否采取干预措施包含旨在改变适应不良的行为技能组成部分态度，提高谈判困难的性情况的技能，并提高实施安全性实践的能力和动力是更有效的是仅仅知识的干预措施。其次，它检查了与青少年母亲的干预是否可以减少青少年的冒险行为。参与者将包括600个健康性活跃的黑人女性青少年门诊病人儿童医院的青少年诊所服务于低收入，市中心社区。青少年将被随机分配给三个在发展和文化上适当的干预措施：（a）艾滋病知识干预，（b）辅助知识加行为技巧 - 建筑干预措施，或（c）结构相似的控制干预措施关于一般健康促进。正交，青少年的母亲被随机分配给（a）AIDS知识干预，（b） AIDS知识干预以及行为技巧建设旨在增强母亲的能力和动力的干预措施向女儿传递相关知识和态度与他们沟通有关性活动，或（c）控制，一般健康促进干预。该方法借鉴了Fishbein 以及阿金（Ajzen）的理性行动理论，班杜拉（Bandura）的自我效能理论，以及申请人以前的艾滋病干预研究青少年人口。重复测量方差分析，计划对比和多重回归将用于测试实验效应干预后以及3、6和12个月的随访。关键结果变量是自我报告的性行为，不太可能受自我报告偏见的影响。其他措施包括理论上相关变量假设介导干预措施效应，包括辅助知识，态度，可感知的规范，意图和自我效能。分析还将检查干预措施是否影响根据参与者的特征有系统的不同，包括年龄，性经历的数量，性焦虑，对青少年和母亲的性爱的自信和冲动性焦虑。该信息将指导干预措施的发展量身定制为青少年亚组。其他分析将检查是否相关的风险行为和前体先前的研究在这一人群中很明显。