Tracking adaptive evolution in real time in an invasive fruit fly

实时跟踪入侵果蝇的适应性进化

基本信息

批准号：
10438436
负责人：
Priscilla A Erickson
金额：
$ 41.51万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF RICHMOND
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10438436
关键词：
Address Africa African American population Alleles American Animal Model Biodiversity Bioinformatics Biological Biological Process Biology Chromosomes Climate Collection Connecticut Data Data Set Detection Disease Drosophila genus Environment Evolution Excision Experimental Designs Florida Food Frequencies Future Gene Frequency Generations Genetic Genetic Drift Genetic Polymorphism Genome Genomics Geography Goals Habitats Haplotypes Health Human Individual Insecta Laboratories Lead Locales Location Malignant Neoplasms Medical Modeling Morphology Mutation North America Organism Personal Satisfaction Phenotype Population Population Sizes Positioning Attribute Process Quebec Research Research Design Resources Sampling Seasons Signal Transduction Testing Time Tissue-Specific Gene Expression Variant Vector-transmitted infectious disease Virginia disease-causing mutation experience experimental study fly genetic evolution genomic locus life history novel predictive test social stress tolerance time use transcriptome sequencing transcriptomics undergraduate student

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Invasive species, which can carry diseases, decimate food crops and threaten biodiversity, are immensely successful in new environments, but the biological mechanisms that enable their spread remain elusive. Some invasive species show signs of rapid adaptation to new habitats, but few studies have captured post-invasion adaptation in real time. Additionally, invasive species colonizing multiple habitats simultaneously offer the opportunity to study the longstanding question of whether evolution is predictable. To understand how quickly and predictably organisms adapt to newly colonized environments, detailed genomic studies of repeated incipient invasions are necessary. In this study, we will genetically and phenotypically characterize North American populations of the African Fig Fly, Zaprionus indianus, to test for local adaptation and parallel evolution in its ongoing invasion. This tractable model organism arrived in North America less than two decades ago and rapidly spread. Our data suggest it is locally extirpated from temperate habitats each winter and re-colonizes these locales each spring. Our central hypothesis is that Z. indianus undergoes predictable post-colonization adaptation across multiple locations and years, resulting in repeated changes in allele frequencies and ecologically relevant phenotypes. To test this hypothesis, we will collect, sequence, and phenotype isolates from along the East Coast of North America and from two focal Virginia orchards over multiple years. In Aim 1, we will quantify genetic and phenotypic variation in North American populations by generating pooled sequencing of populations collected along a latitudinal gradient to test for clinally varying polymorphisms over two sampling years. We will also phenotype lines collected at different latitudes to test for clinal differences in morphological, life-history, and stress tolerance phenotypes. Repeated clinal and phenotypic differentiation would present evidence for rapid adaptation to local environments. In Aim 2, we will sample and sequence flies from two geographically separate Virginia orchards over three growing seasons to test for alleles and phenotypes that predictably change following invasion. These experiments will allow us to identify the genomic targets of post-invasion adaptation and quantify the predictability of evolution. In Aim 3, we will characterize the putative target of a recent selective sweep in North American flies: a 600 kb haplotype that is common in Virginia, intermediate frequency in Florida, and not found in Africa. We will generate outbred populations fixed for alternate alleles and perform RNAseq to test for differential gene expression associated with alternate haplotypes. Phenotyping experiments will explore the potential functional targets of this sweep, allowing us to dissect the biological function of a genomic signal of selection. Collectively, these experiments will take a multipronged approach to test for post-invasion adaptation and parallel evolution in real time. This study will provide a framework to understanding rapid adaptation to novel environments and predicting evolutionary trajectories of future invasive species, which may lead to solutions to control their spread.

项目概要入侵物种可以携带疾病、摧毁粮食作物并威胁生物多样性，在新环境中取得了成功，但使其传播的生物机制仍然难以捉摸。一些入侵物种表现出快速适应新栖息地的迹象，但很少有研究捕捉到入侵后的情况实时适应。此外，同时殖民多个栖息地的入侵物种也提供了有机会研究进化是否可预测这一长期存在的问题。了解多快和可预测的生物体适应新殖民环境，重复的详细基因组研究初期的入侵是必要的。在这项研究中，我们将从遗传和表型上描述北非洲无花果蝇 Zaprionus indianus 的美洲种群，测试当地适应能力和平行能力在其持续的入侵中进化。这种易于驯服的模式生物不到两小时就抵达北美几十年前并迅速传播。我们的数据表明，每年冬天它都会从温带栖息地局部灭绝并在每年春天重新殖民这些地区。我们的中心假设是 Z. indianus 经历了可预测的跨多个地点和年份的殖民后适应，导致等位基因反复变化频率和生态相关表型。为了检验这个假设，我们将收集、排序和表型分离自北美东海岸和弗吉尼亚州的两个重点果园多年。在目标 1 中，我们将通过以下方式量化北美人群的遗传和表型变异：对沿纬度梯度收集的群体进行汇总测序，以测试临床变化两个采样年的多态性。我们还将在不同纬度收集表型品系来测试形态、生活史和应激耐受表型的临床差异。重复临床和表型分化将为快速适应当地环境提供证据。在目标 2 中，我们将样本和序列在三个生长季节从两个地理位置不同的弗吉尼亚果园飞翔到测试入侵后可预测变化的等位基因和表型。这些实验将使我们能够确定入侵后适应的基因组目标并量化进化的可预测性。在目标 3 中，我们将描述最近在北美果蝇中选择性清除的假定目标：600 kb 单倍型这在弗吉尼亚州很常见，在佛罗里达州很常见，在非洲没有发现。我们将产生近交系固定替代等位基因的群体并执行 RNAseq 来测试相关的差异基因表达具有替代单倍型。表型实验将探索这次扫描的潜在功能目标，使我们能够剖析选择基因组信号的生物学功能。总的来说，这些实验将采取多管齐下的方式实时测试入侵后的适应和平行进化。这研究将为理解对新环境的快速适应和预测提供一个框架未来入侵物种的进化轨迹，这可能会导致控制其传播的解决方案。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A small survey of introduced Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in orchards of the eastern United States.

对美国东部果园引入的 Zaprionus indianus（双翅目：果蝇科）的一项小型调查。

DOI：
发表时间：
2023-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Rakes, Logan M;Delamont, Megan;Cole, Christine;Yates, Jillian A;Blevins, Lynsey J;Hassan, Fatima Naureen;Bergland, Alan O;Erickson, Priscilla A
通讯作者：
Erickson, Priscilla A

Spatial and temporal variation in abundance of introduced African fig fly (Zaprionus indianus) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the eastern United States.

美国东部引进的非洲无花果蝇（Zaprionus indianus）（双翅目：果蝇科）丰度的时空变化。

DOI：
发表时间：
2023-03-25
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Rakes, Logan M;Delamont, Megan;Cole, Christine;Yates, Jillian A;Blevins, Lynsey Jo;Hassan, Fatima Naureen;Bergland, Alan O;Erickson, Priscilla A
通讯作者：
Erickson, Priscilla A