PCB, PCDD, PCDF, AND PAH EXPOSURE FROM HAZARDOUS WASTE AMONG MOHAWK INDIANS

莫霍克印第安人接触危险废物的 PCB、PCDD、PCDF 和 PAH

• 批准号: 3840813
• 负责人: EDWARD F FITZGERALD
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3840813
• 关键词: Native Americans; air sampling /monitoring; biomarker; blood chemistry; breast feeding; breath tests; carbopolycyclic compound; cytochrome P450; dioxins; embryo /fetus toxicology; environmental contamination; environmental toxicology; enzyme induction /repression; epidemiology; feces analysis; halobiphenyl /halotriphenyl compound; human milk; human pregnant subject; human subject; industrial waste; infant human (0-1 year); mother /embryo /fetus nutrition; nutrition related tag; polychlorodibenzofuran; pregnancy circulation; soil pollution; soil sampling; statistics /biometry; toxin metabolism; umbilical cord; urinalysis; waste disposal; water pollution; water sampling /testing; water supply

An epidemiologic study is proposed of Mohawk women and infants to test the hypotheses that exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a nearby Superfund hazardous waste site elevates body burdens and affects the cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed function monooxygenase system. Exposure and body burdens will be assessed by: 1) estimating cumulative maternal dose from ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact; 2) measuring concentrations of 68 routine PCB congeners in serum and urine, and, if lactating, of an additional 12 coplanar PCB congeners and of 34 PCDD/F congeners and 15 PAHs in breast milk; and 3) measuring infant concentrations of the PCB congeners in cord serum and urine and output of the PCDD/F congeners in feces. P-450IA2 activity in the mothers and infants will be assessed through a caffeine breath test, a safe and noninvasive procedure that measures the rate at which labelled carbon dioxide is exhaled as an indirect monitor. Pregnant Mohawk women will be interviewed and invited to participate in maternal blood sampling during their second trimester and cord blood sampling at delivery. They will also be asked to provide blood, urine, and breast milk samples and to collect infant urine and feces in cloth diapers at 1, 3, and 6 months post-partum to investigate change in pollutant levels over time. Multivariable statistical techniques will be used: 1) to test for differences in the mean contaminant levels of mothers according to cumulative dose and of infants according to breast-feeding status; 2) to relate breast milk pollutant concentrations to maternal and infant urinary levels and infant fecal output; and 3) to correlate P-450IA2 activity with levels of PCB and PCDD/F congeners and PAHs. A novel statistical technique based on summary scores will be used to "fingerprint" the waste site as a point source. The results will significantly enhance our understanding of how important classes of chemicals arising from hazardous waste bioaccumulate in human adults and infants and whether P-450IA2 induction is a sensitive biomarker of their early biologic effect.

建议对莫霍克族妇女和婴儿进行一项流行病学研究，以测试 假设接触多氯联苯（PCB）， 多氯二苯并-对-二恶英和二苯并呋喃（PCDD/F），以及 来自附近超级基金危险品的多核芳烃 (PAH) 废物位点增加身体负担并影响细胞色素 P-450 依赖性 混合功能单加氧酶系统。 暴露和身体负担将 评估方法：1) 估计母体摄入累积剂量， 吸入和皮肤接触； 2) 测定68个常规浓度 血清和尿液中的 PCB 同系物，如果是哺乳期的，还有另外 12 种 乳房中的共面 PCB 同系物以及 34 种 PCDD/F 同系物和 15 种 PAH 牛奶; 3) 测量婴儿脐带中 PCB 同系物的浓度 血清和尿液以及粪便中 PCDD/F 同系物的排出量。 P-450IA2 将通过咖啡因评估母亲和婴儿的活动 呼气测试，一种安全且无创的程序，可测量速率 其中标记的二氧化碳被呼出作为间接监测器。 孕 莫霍克族妇女将接受采访并被邀请参加孕产妇活动 中期妊娠期间的血液采样和脐带血采样 送货。 他们还将被要求提供血液、尿液和母乳 样本并在 1、3 和 1、3 点收集布尿布中的婴儿尿液和粪便 产后 6 个月调查污染物水平随时间的变化。 将使用多变量统计技术：1）测试 母亲平均污染物水平的差异 根据母乳喂养状况计算婴儿的累积剂量； 2）到 将母乳污染物浓度与母婴尿液联系起来 水平和婴儿粪便排出量； 3) 将 P-450IA2 活性与 PCB 和 PCDD/F 同系物以及 PAH 的含量。 一种新颖的统计技术 基于汇总分数将用于对废物场进行“指纹识别”，将其作为 点源。 结果将显着增强我们对 危险废物产生的化学品类别有多重要 在成人和婴儿中生物蓄积以及 P-450IA2 诱导是否有效 其早期生物效应的敏感生物标志物。