Characterizing patterns and predictors of recovery from alcohol use disorders: A genetically informed, longitudinal design

酒精使用障碍康复的特征模式和预测因素：基于遗传的纵向设计

• 批准号: 10395447
• 负责人: Rebecca Lynne Smith
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2022-07-24
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10395447
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Adolescent; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Anxiety; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Communities; Complex; Data Set; Development; Developmental Course; Disease remission; Environmental Risk Factor; Esthesia; Family Study; Fellowship; Fostering; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Genotype; Goals; Health; Heritability; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Measures; Mental Depression; Methods; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; National Research Service Awards; Neurobiology; Pattern; Predictive Factor; Process; Prospective Studies; Quality of life; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Science; Site; Social Well-Being; Social support; Source; Spirituality; Strategic Planning; Substance Use Disorder; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Training Activity; Training Support; Twin Studies; Well in self; alcohol use disorder; behavioral outcome; care systems; career; community engaged research; deviant; disability; experience; externalizing behavior; genetic testing; genetics of alcoholism; genome-wide; improved; longitudinal design; peer; person centered; personalized medicine; phenotypic data; polygenic risk score; precision medicine; premature; reduce symptoms; reduced alcohol use; secondary analysis; skill acquisition; skills; societal costs; statistical center; therapy development; training opportunity; trait; trauma exposure

PROJECT SUMMARY Alcohol use disorders (AUD) are one of the leading causes of premature death and disability. Approximately 40-65% of affected individuals remit from AUD; however, compared to the study of the development of alcohol problems, much less is known about factors that contribute to recovery. Recovery is now understood as a dynamic process of holistic improvement in physical, psychological, and social wellbeing through abstinence or controlled alcohol use without problems. The path to AUD recovery is increasingly recognized as heterogeneous, such that individuals in recovery may experience more or less improvement across some domains of functioning compared to others. However, few studies have systematically examined patterns and predictors of functioning in recovery. Another gap in the field is that although it has become clear that understanding AUD necessitates a genetically informed perspective, this has not been integrated into the study of recovery. Twin and family studies suggest that the development of AUD is heritable. The profound and ubiquitous influence of genetic factors on diverse behavioral outcomes suggests differential patterns of recovery may also be genetically influenced. The overall goal of this NRSA proposal is to characterize and predict patterns of functioning in AUD recovery using a genetically informed, longitudinal design, which will be accomplished through secondary analysis of the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) Prospective Study dataset (N = 3,129; U10AA008401). The applicant will investigate profiles of heterogeneous functioning among individuals in remission from AUD. Next, the applicant will test whether behavioral characteristics, precipitating environmental factors, and genetic influences (measured via genome-wide polygenic risk scores) predict recovery functioning profile membership. The proposed research will advance the burgeoning field of recovery science by contributing to a better understanding of the genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in AUD recovery processes. Findings can inform the development of treatment interventions that foster sustained recovery, one of five key goals outlined in NIAAA's current strategic plan. Additionally, the protected time and training opportunities afforded by the NRSA fellowship will help the applicant to: 1) develop an understanding of recovery science and individual differences in AUD recovery processes; 2) gain deeper experience in the use and interpretation of (a) advanced, person- centered statistical techniques and (b) statistical genetic methods for complex traits; and 3) cultivate professional development skills. These training activities will help the applicant launch a career as an independent researcher specializing in the genetic and environmental factors contributing to substance use disorders and recovery using person-centered, community-engaged approaches.

项目概要 酒精使用障碍（AUD）是过早死亡和残疾的主要原因之一。大约 40-65% 受影响的个人从澳元汇款；然而，与酒精发展的研究相比 问题，而对于有助于恢复的因素则知之甚少。恢复现在被理解为 通过禁欲或禁欲来全面改善身体、心理和社会福祉的动态过程 控制饮酒没有问题。澳元复苏之路越来越被认为是 异质性，使得康复中的个体可能会在某些方面经历或多或少的改善 与其他领域相比的功能领域。然而，很少有研究系统地检验模式和 恢复功能的预测因素。该领域的另一个差距是，尽管已经很清楚 理解 AUD 需要从遗传学角度出发，但这尚未纳入研究中 的恢复。双胞胎和家庭研究表明 AUD 的发展是可遗传的。其深刻而 遗传因素对不同行为结果的普遍影响表明， 恢复也可能受到遗传影响。该 NRSA 提案的总体目标是描述和描述 使用遗传信息的纵向设计来预测 AUD 恢复的功能模式，这将是 通过酒精中毒遗传学合作研究 (COGA) 的二次分析完成 前瞻性研究数据集（N = 3,129；U10AA008401）。申请人将调查异质性的概况 AUD 缓解个体中的功能。接下来，申请人将测试行为是否 特征、诱发环境因素和遗传影响（通过全基因组测量 多基因风险评分）预测恢复功能概况成员资格。拟议的研究将推进 恢复科学的新兴领域有助于更好地了解遗传和 环境影响对澳元回收过程的个体差异。调查结果可以告知 制定促进持续康复的治疗干预措施，这是《报告》中概述的五个关键目标之一 NIAAA 当前的战略计划。此外，NRSA 提供的受保护时间和培训机会 奖学金将帮助申请人：1）了解康复科学和个体差异 在澳元回收过程中； 2）在使用和解释（a）先进的、个人的方面获得更深入的经验 集中统计技术和(b)复杂性状的统计遗传方法； 3）培养 专业发展技能。这些培训活动将帮助申请人开启职业生涯 专门研究导致物质使用的遗传和环境因素的独立研究员 采用以人为本、社区参与的方法来治疗疾病和康复。