PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN READING

阅读中的感知和认知过程

• 批准号: 2240841
• 负责人: Keith Rayner
• 金额: $ 11.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-04-01 至 2000-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2240841
• 关键词: cognition; data collection; eye movements; human subject; language; perception; psychological models; reading; saccades; visual fixation; visual tracking; cognition; data collection; eye movements; human subject; language; perception; psychological models; reading; saccades; visual fixation; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION: This application for a Research Scientist Award has four broad objectives. The first is to continue to investigate perceptual processes in reading. This research will focus on the types of codes that are used in integrating information across eye movements and the accrual of information during an eye fixation. A second objective is to use modeling techniques to simulate eye movements and reading behavior. The goal here is to develop formal models that can predict where readers will fixate and for how long they will fixate during reading. The third objective is to extend the applicant's prior research on reading to the perception of visual scenes. Experiments are designed to examine the characteristics of the perceptual span during scene perception and the types of information integrated across fixations using photographic images rather than the line drawings used in previous research. The fourth goal is to use eye movement techniques to investigate on-line language processing. The studies in this section focus on how readers deal with ambiguity and the extent to which discourse factors influence on-line decisions about ambiguous parts of a text. The experiments will use techniques that have been developed in the applicant's laboratory over the past 20 years. In these techniques, changes in text are made contingent on the location of the reader's eye. The changes may take place during a saccade or during an eye fixation. Various characteristics of eye movements are measured using an eyetracker. The empirical data collected and the results of the modeling work should help to develop a better model of the processes involved in skilled reading. A better understanding of skilled reading, in turn, should be useful in developing instructional methods for children learning to read and better remedial methods for those who do not read well.

描述：该研究科学家奖的申请有四个 广泛的目标。 首先是继续调查感知 阅读过程。 这项研究将重点放在代码类型上 用于整合跨眼动和的信息 注视期间的信息。 第二个目标是 使用建模技术来模拟眼动和阅读 行为。 这里的目标是开发可以预测的正式模型 读者将在哪里关注，以及他们在多长时间固定的时间 阅读。 第三个目标是扩展申请人的先前研究 阅读到视觉场景的感知。 设计实验 检查场景中感知跨度的特征 感知和使用跨固定集成的信息的类型 摄影图像，而不是以前使用的线图 研究。 第四个目标是使用眼动技术 调查在线语言处理。 本节的研究 关注读者如何应对歧义和多大程度上的程度 话语因素影响有关歧义部分的在线决策 文字。 实验将使用在 申请人的实验室在过去20年中。 在这些技术中 文本变化取决于读者眼睛的位置。 这些变化可能在扫视期间或固定期间发生。 眼睛运动的各种特征是使用 目击者。 收集的经验数据和 建模工作应有助于开发更好的过程模型 参与熟练阅读。 对熟练阅读的更好理解， 反过来，对于开发教学方法应该很有用 儿童学习阅读和更好的补救方法 读不好。