BLOOD PRESSURE EFECTS OF BEHAVIORAL STRESS AND SODIUM

行为压力和钠对血压的影响

• 批准号: 2226785
• 负责人: JENNIFER A HAYTHORNTHWAITE
• 金额: $ 11.46万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-09-01 至 1997-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2226785
• 关键词: angiotensin /renin /aldosterone hypertension; behavioral medicine; blood chemistry; blood pressure; dietary potassium; dietary sodium; emotions; human subject; neuroendocrine system; neurogenic hypertension; nutrition related tag; personality; psychological stressor; stress

High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Evidence from the animal laboratory indicates that behavioral stress combined with a high sodium intake can have synergistic effects on tonic blood pressure levels and cause hypertension. Understanding the physiological mechanisms and identifying the psychological characteristics associated with this loss of regulatory control over blood pressure could lead to the development and refinement of effective preventative interventions for hypertension, either dietary or behavioral, that are directed at those individuals who are most vulnerable to the synergistic blood pressure effects of behavioral stress and high sodium intake. The first study will examine neuroendocrine and other regulatory responses (e.g., changes in plasma electrolytes) to high sodium intake administered during the period preceding a stressful event (NaCl x STRESS). Medical students will be administered supplemental sodium chloride (600 mg/4.5 kg/day) or placebo tablets using a double-blind method during the 14 days prior to an examination (High Stress) and during a period of low academic demands (Low Stress). Cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and emotional variables will be measured at rest (High and Low Stress) and in response to the examination (High Stress only). It is expected that activation of the pituitary adrenocortical system will play a more important role in mediating the NaCl x STRESS blood pressure elevations than activation of the sympathetic nervous system and that larger cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and emotional responses to the examination, suggesting greater stress, will be associated with larger NaCl x STRESS blood pressure responses. The second study will determine whether BP and neuroendocrine responses to laboratory stressors and personality factors, such as hostility and suppressed anger, are associated with a larger NaCl x STRESS BP response. Prior to the High Stress sodium loading period, cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to mental arithmetic, social challenge, and studying exam-related material will be measured. It is expected that suppressed anger and greater CV and neuroendocrine reactivity to laboratory stressors will be associated with larger NaCl x STRESS blood pressure responses. The third study will determine whether a concurrent high potassium intake reduces the blood pressure elevating effects of NaCl x STRESS. Subjects will be randomly assigned to receive potassium supplemental sodium chloride tablets. It is expected that the concurrent high potassium intake will blunt the NaCl x STRESS blood pressure response.

高血压是心血管和 脑血管疾病。 动物实验室的证据表明 这种行为应力与高钠摄入量相结合可以具有 对补品血压水平的协同作用，并导致 高血压。 了解生理机制并识别 与这种监管丧失有关的心理特征 控制血压可能会导致发展和完善 高血压有效预防性干预措施，要么 或行为，是针对那些最重要的人 容易受到行为压力的协同血压影响 和高钠摄入量。 第一项研究将检查神经内分泌和其他调节 对高钠摄入量的反应（例如，血浆电解质的变化） 在发生压力事件之前的时期内进行管理（NACL X 压力）。 医学生将接受补充钠 使用双盲的氯化物（600 mg/4.5 kg/天）或安慰剂片 在检查前的14天内（高应力）和 在学术要求低的时期（压力低）。 心血管， 神经内分泌和情绪变量将在静止状态测量（高 和低压力）和对检查的响应（仅高应力）。 预计垂体肾上腺皮质系统的激活 将在介导NaCl X压力血中起更重要的作用 压力升高比激活交感神经系统的激活 那个更大的心血管，神经内分泌以及对 检查表明压力更大的检查将与 较大的NaCl X应力血压反应。 第二项研究将 确定BP和神经内分泌对实验室压力源的反应 和人格因素，例如敌对和压抑的愤怒，是 与较大的NaCl X应力BP响应相关。 在高中之前 压力钠加载期，心血管和神经内分泌反应 进行精神​​算术，社会挑战和研究与考试有关的 材料将被测量。预计被压抑的愤怒和 更大的CV和神经内分泌对实验室压力源的反应性将是 与较大的NaCl X应力血压反应相关。 第三 研究将确定并发的高钾摄入量是否减少 NaCl X应激的血压升高作用。 受试者将是 随机分配接受钾补充氯化钠 平板电脑。 预计并发的高钾摄入量会 钝NaCl X应力血压反应。