DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINED ATTENTION IN INFANTS

婴儿持续注意力的发展

• 批准号: 2197733
• 负责人: JOHN E RICHARDS
• 金额: $ 11.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 1997-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2197733
• 关键词: arrhythmia; attention; attention deficit disorder; child physical development; child psychology; cognition; disease /disorder proneness /risk; heart rate; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); longitudinal human study; memory; neural information processing; premature infant human; pulmonary respiration; saccades; sleep; smooth pursuit eye movement; stimulus /response; visual stimulus

The objectives are to study the development of sustained, endogenous attention in young infants, and to relate developmental trends in sustained attention to concurrent heart rate (HR) changes. The specific aims are: 1) To study sustained, subject-controlled attention in infants from 8 to 26 weeks of age, and to study the control of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements during heart-rate-defined attention phases, in order to infer the neuro-developmental systems controlling attention- directed eye movements during attention; and 2) To study individual differences in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA; variability in HR occurring at the respiration frequency) with respect to individual differences in sustained attention, premature and full-term recognition memory differences, and sleep assessment of RSA. The research may provide a "model preparation" for the study of pathological patterns of infant attention found in high-risk premature infants, and for the later development of attentional disabilities found in hyperactive, autistic, and retarded children. Infants will be tested from 8 to 26 weeks of age. HR and respiration will be measured during a five minute baseline, and during attention. Four experiments will study sustained attention in light of other attention phases. Experiment 1 will examine the blink reflex, an example of an early phase of information processing, in different attention phases. Experiments 2 and 3 will examine peripheral stimulus localization as a function of sustained attention. Experiment 4 will study the relation of attention to smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements during visual tracking. Two experiments will emphasize individual differences in sustained attention related to RSA. Experiment 5 will examine the retrieval aspect of infant recognition memory in preterm infants, who are known to have recognition memory and sustained attention deficits. Experiment 6 will examine the longitudinal stability of HR, respiration, and RSA during sleep states, and the relation of those measures to sustained attention. It is predicted that 1) sustained attention will show age and individual differences, whereas other attention types will not; 2) developmental changes in sustained attention will differentially affect behavioral systems, including recognition memory in the paired-comparison paradigm, and different eye movement systems.

目的是研究持续的内生的发展 年轻婴儿的关注，并关联发育趋势 持续关注并发心率（HR）变化。具体 目的是：1）研究婴儿的持续，受试者的注意力 从8至26周龄，研究saccadic和 在心率定义的注意阶段时，平稳的追捕眼运动， 为了推断控制注意力的神经发展系统 - 注意力在注意力时进行了眼球运动； 2）研究个体 呼吸窦性心律不齐的差异（RSA；人力资源的变异性 相对于个体发生的呼吸频率） 持续关注，过早和足月认可的差异 记忆差异和RSA的睡眠评估。研究可能 为研究的病理模式提供“模型准备” 在高风险的早产婴儿中发现的婴儿注意力 在多动，自闭症中发现的注意力障碍的发展， 和智障的孩子。婴儿将在8至26周龄进行测试。 人力资源和呼吸将在五分钟的基准期间测量，并且 在关注期间。四个实验将研究持续的关注 其他注意阶段的光。实验1将检查眨眼 反射，信息处理的早期阶段的一个例子， 不同的注意阶段。实验2和3将检查外围 刺激定位是持续关注的函数。实验4 将研究关注与平滑追求和saccadic眼的关系 视觉跟踪过程中的动作。两个实验将强调 与RSA有关的持续关注的个体差异。实验 5将检查婴儿识别记忆的检索方面 早产婴儿，众所周知有识别记忆并持续 注意缺陷。实验6将检查纵向稳定性 睡眠状态期间的人力资源，呼吸和RSA 这些措施持续关注。可以预测1）持续 注意将显示年龄和个体差异，而其他 注意类型不会； 2）持续的发展变化 注意将差异地影响行为系统，包括 在配对的复杂范式中识别记忆和不同的眼睛 运动系统。