RNA EDITING IN PLANT ORGANELLES

植物细胞器中的 RNA 编辑

• 批准号: 2188736
• 负责人: MAUREEN REBECCA HANSON
• 金额: $ 21.78万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-05-01 至 1998-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2188736
• 关键词: RNA binding protein; chloroplasts; gene expression; genetic translation; mitochondria; nucleic acid sequence; plant genetics; plant proteins; polymerase chain reaction; posttranscriptional RNA processing; protein biosynthesis; ribosomes; tissue /cell culture; tobacco

RNA editing can profoundly affect gene expression by altering the coding capacity of a transcript. RNA editing has been reported in transcripts from such organisms as trypanosomes, higher plants, and mammals. In humans, RNA editing is necessary for proper expression of certain genes in the brain and intestine. This process is responsible for the production of two different apolipoproteins from the same gene; as the abundance of one of these proteins is correlated with coronary artery disease, aberrant RNA editing could potentially have serious health consequences. It is likely that additional examples of RNA editing of human gene transcripts remain to be discovered. We propose to study RNA editing in plant organelles as a model for understanding this fundamental process that can control gene expression. Like mammals, plant organelle editing results in the modification of nucleotides rather than the insertion of nucleotides that occurs in trypanosomes and other organisms. The editing activity in chloroplasts and mitochondria may share features or even be identical. A cryptic higher-level genetic code may be specifying which nucleotides are to be altered by the editing process. Structural requirements for RNA editing will be examined in vivo by introduction of chloroplast and mitochondrial RNAs into transiently and stably transformed chloroplasts obtained by particle bombardment. After information about RNA substrate is available, studies will be carried out to characterize the components of the editing activity. To learn whether there is a mechanism that prevents synthesis of proteins from incompletely edited transcripts, or whether translation of unedited RNAs results in multiple variant proteins, we will isolate two mitochondrial proteins and characterize them thoroughly. To determine whether editing has a role in gene regulation, we will perform experiments to determine whether editing of particular genes is tissue-specific.

RNA编辑可以通过更改编码深刻影响基因表达 笔录的能力。 RNA编辑已在转录本中报道 来自诸如锥虫，较高植物和哺乳动物等生物。 在 人类，RNA编辑对于正确地表达某些基因是必要的 大脑和肠。 这个过程负责生产 来自同一基因的两个不同的载脂蛋白；作为丰富的 这些蛋白质之一与冠状动脉疾病相关，异常 RNA编辑可能会带来严重的健康后果。 这是 人类基因转录本的RNA编辑的其他例子很可能 仍然有待发现。 我们建议在植物中研究RNA编辑 细胞器作为理解这个基本过程的模型 控制基因表达。 像哺乳动物一样，植物器官编辑会导致 核苷酸的修饰而不是插入核苷酸 这发生在锥虫和其他生物体中。 编辑活动 叶绿体和线粒体可能具有相同的特征甚至相同。 一个 神秘的高级遗传密码可能指定哪些核苷酸是 通过编辑过程更改。 RNA的结构要求 通过引入叶绿体和 线粒体RNA瞬时转化为叶绿体 通过粒子轰击获得。 经过有关RNA底物的信息 可用，将进行研究以表征组件 编辑活动。 了解是否有一种机制 防止蛋白质的合成不完整编辑的成绩单，或 未经编辑的RNA的翻译是否会导致多种变异蛋白， 我们将分离两个线粒体蛋白并将其表征 彻底。 确定编辑是否在基因调节中起作用， 我们将执行实验以确定是否编辑特定 基因是组织特异性的。