Role of early motor experience in infants with Down syndrome

早期运动经验对唐氏综合症婴儿的作用

• 批准号: 10284690
• 负责人: Seyda Ozcaliskan
• 金额: $ 42.9万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-08 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10284690
• 关键词: Address; Age-Months; Area; Body Weight; Child; Child Development; Clinical Trials; Cognitive; Control Groups; Custom; Development; Down Syndrome; Early Intervention; Face; Family; Fingers; Future; Genetic Diseases; Gestures; Goals; Health; Home; Individual; Infant; Infant Development; Intellectual functioning disability; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Life; Longevity; Modeling; Motor; Motor Skills; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Performance; Population; Procedures; Production; Quality of life; Research; Role; Speech; Thumb structure; Toddler; Touch sensation; Toy; Walking; Work; base; clinical outcome measures; clinical trial readiness; cognitive development; cognitive function; design; early onset; effective intervention; effectiveness clinical trial; experience; grasp; improved; indexing; infancy; learning outcome; motor control; patient oriented; recruit; scaffold; skills; treadmill

PROJECT SUMMARY Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic condition and causes significant development delays and weaknesses in the motor, cognitive, and language domains. It is important to study these co-occurring developmental challenges and develop effective intervention strategies for positive learning outcomes in multiple domains simultaneously. It was found that motor development is closely associated with cognitive and language development in typically developing infants and advances in motor development have developmental cascade effects on other domains. However, this interrelation has not been studied in infants with DS. Our prior work has shown that gross motor experience through body-weight-supported treadmill stepping leads to an earlier onset of walking and improves subsequent locomotor ability in infants with DS. However, we do not yet know the extent to which this motor experience advances cognitive and language development in infants with DS. Research also suggests that grasping, a major fine motor skill emerging in infancy, provides the needed scaffolding for subsequent gesture and speech production. However, research on grasping and its potential effects on other domains in infants with DS remains scarce. The objectives of this proposal are to understand: the role of (a) specific gross motor experience and (b) specific fine motor experience on the motor, cognitive and language development of infants with DS. Our central hypothesis is that motor (both gross and fine) experience will help advance cognitive and language development in infants with DS. We will recruit 45 infants with DS from the greater Atlanta area and beyond. There will be three groups: (a) gross motor (GM) group (n=15), entering the study at about 10 months of age; (b) gross motor plus fine motor (GM+FM) group (n=15), entering the study at about 10 months; and (c) control group (n=15), entering the study at about 20 months. Aim 1: Determine the effects of gross motor experience on cognitive and language development in infants with DS, comparing the GM and control groups. Only the GM group will receive a home-based, parent-guided practice of treadmill stepping from 10 months of age (T1) until onset of walking. We hypothesize that the GM group will show higher Bayley scores and better gesture and word production at termination of the GM intervention (T3) and five months thereafter (T4) than the control group. Aim 2: Determine the effects of fine motor experience on cognitive and language development in infants with DS who receive the GM intervention, particularly in gesture and word production, comparing the GM and GM+FM groups. Only the GM+FM group will receive fine motor experience in practice of grasping using “sticky mittens” from 10 months of age for about five months. We hypothesize that the GM+FM group will show further improvements in motor, cognitive and language domains, particularly in gesture and word production, than the GM group at termination of the FM intervention (T2) and again at T3 and T4. Our study will gain an in-depth understanding of the cascading effects of motor experience on cognitive and language development and lay the groundwork for future clinical trials in infants with DS.

项目概要 唐氏综合症 (DS) 是最常见的遗传病，会导致严重的发育迟缓和 研究这些同时出现的运动、认知和语言领域的弱点很重要。 发展挑战并制定有效的干预策略，以实现多种积极的学习成果 研究发现，运动发育与认知和语言密切相关。 典型婴儿的发育和运动发育的进步具有发育级联 然而，我们之前的工作尚未在患有 DS 的婴儿中研究过这种相互关系。 研究表明，通过体重支撑的跑步机行走获得的粗大运动体验会导致较早出现 步行并改善 DS 婴儿随后的运动能力，但我们尚不清楚其程度。 研究表明，这种运动在患有 DS 的婴儿中也经历了认知进步和语言发展。 表明抓握是婴儿期出现的一项主要精细运动技能，为 然而，对抓取的研究及其对其他方面的潜在影响。 DS 婴儿中的相关领域仍然很少。本提案的目的是了解：(a) 的作用。 特定的粗大运动体验和 (b) 运动、认知和语言方面的特定精细运动体验 我们的中心假设是运动（粗略和精细）经验将有助于 DS 婴儿的发育。 患有 DS 的婴儿的认知和语言发育会得到改善 我们将从该中心招募 45 名患有 DS 的婴儿。 大亚特兰大地区及其他地区将分为三组： (a) 粗大运动 (GM) 组 (n=15)，进入 约 10 个月大时进行研究；(b) 粗大运动加精细运动 (GM+FM) 组 (n=15)，于 10 个月时进入研究 约 10 个月；(c) 对照组 (n=15)，约 20 个月时进入研究 目标 1：确定 粗大运动体验对 DS 婴儿认知和语言发展的影响，比较 GM 只有 GM 组将接受以家庭为基础、由家长指导的跑步机踏步练习。 从 10 个月大（T1）到开始行走，我们发现 GM 组将表现出更高的贝利。 GM 干预结束时 (T3) 和五个月内的分数以及更好的手势和文字表达 目标 2：确定精细运动体验对认知和认知的影响。 接受 GM 干预的 DS 婴儿的语言发展，特别是手势和言语 生产，比较 GM 和 GM+FM 组，只有 GM+FM 组才会获得精细运动经验。 从10个月大开始练习使用“粘性手套”抓握，持续约5个月。 GM+FM 小组将在运动、认知和语言领域显示出进一步的进步，特别是在 手势和言语的产生，比 FM 干预结束时（T2）和 T3 时的 GM 组还要高 T4.我们的研究将深入了解运动体验对认知和认知的级联影响。 语言发展，并为未来 DS 婴儿的临床试验奠定基础。