RETINAL MICROCIRCUITRY--STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

视网膜微电路——结构和功能

• 批准号: 2161665
• 负责人: KEN-ICHI NAKA
• 金额: $ 26.65万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2161665
• 关键词: DVD /CD ROM; action potentials; alternatives to animals in research; amacrine cells; catfish; electrodes; electrophysiology; fish; horizontal cell; mathematical model; neural conduction; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuroanatomy; photostimulus; retinal bipolar neuron; retinal ganglion; stimulus /response; synapses; visual stimulus

The long-term goal of this 25-year-old research is to discover the principles involved in signal processing in the neuron network in the: vertebrate retina and to produce a mathematical model of the neuron: network based on these principles. There is a set of principles that is particular to the operation of the neuron network and is different from the set of principles that governs ionic or channel mechanisms. At the turn of this century, S. Ramon y Cajal established the neuron doctrine which states that each single neuron functions more or less independently. Golgi, on the other hand, maintained that neurons form a syncytium, the neuroreticulum. Lately, structural as well as morphological evidence is accumulating to suggest that many neurons in the retina form a syncytium which is referred to as a neuron space (in which neurons are tightly coupled) or a neuron cluster (in which neurons are loosely coupled). For example, the horizontal and transient amacrine cells form two independent spaces and sustained amacrine cells form two independent clusters. Our two main goals are: l) Identification of signal transmission between neurons in the inner retina. We will study the way in which signals are transmitted between neurons in a space or in a cluster and the way in which spaces and. clusters interact with each other. In this series of experiments, the space and cluster will also be identified morphologically by intracellular injection of neuro-tracers. 2) The receptive field will be explored by the use of many types of light stimulus in an effort to define a field in time and space (spatiotemporal receptive field) and to try to decompose a response into two components, one that is intrinsic to the cell and the other that reflects the activity of the network.

这项历时 25 年的研究的长期目标是发现 神经元网络中信号处理涉及的原理： 脊椎动物视网膜并产生神经元的数学模型： 网络基于这些原则。有一套原则是 特定于神经元网络的操作，并且不同于 控制离子或通道机制的一组原则。 在本世纪之交，S. Ramon y Cajal 建立了神经元 该学说指出每个神经元或多或少都有功能 独立。另一方面，高尔基坚持认为神经元形成 合胞体，神经网。 最近，结构以及 形态学证据越来越多地表明，许多神经元 视网膜形成合胞体，称为神经元空间（其中 神经元紧密耦合）或神经元簇（其中神经元是紧密耦合的） 松耦合）。例如，水平和瞬时无长突细胞 形成两个独立的空间，持续的无长突细胞形成两个 独立的集群。我们的两个主要目标是： l) 识别内层神经元之间的信号传递 视网膜。我们将研究信号之间传输的方式 神经元在一个空间或簇中以及空间和的方式。 集群之间相互作用。在这一系列的实验中， 空间和簇也将通过细胞内的形态学来识别 注射神经示踪剂。 2）将使用多种类型的光来探索感受野 努力定义时间和空间领域（时空 感受野）并尝试将响应分解为两个组成部分， 一个是细胞固有的，另一个反映细胞的活动 网络的。