Examining Cerebral Blood Flow as a Mechanism for the Effects of African Dance on Executive Function

检查脑血流作为非洲舞蹈对执行功能影响的机制

• 批准号: 10206912
• 负责人: Kirk I Erickson
• 金额: $ 5.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10206912
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; African; African American; Age; Alzheimer' s Disease; Caucasians; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cognitive; Communities; Control Groups; Dancing; Data; Dementia; Education; Enrollment; Exercise; Fatigue; Funding; Future; Health; Impaired cognition; Intervention; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mediating; Methods; Minority; Neurocognitive; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Pain; Pathway interactions; Performance; Physical activity; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Race; Randomized; Time; Translations; Work; age related; base; brain health; cerebrovascular; dementia risk; executive function; exercise intervention; experience; functional improvement; health disparity; human old age (65+); improved; improved outcome; innovation; interest; racial disparity; statistics

Abstract African Americans are almost two times more likely than whites (i.e., Caucasians) to experience Alzheimer’s disease or other dementias. For those over the age of 65, the prevalence of cognitive impairment is 8.8% in whites and 23.9% in African Americans. Even in the age range of 55-64, African Americans are 4 times more likely to experience cognitive impairment than their age-matched white counterparts. One process that is believed to contribute to this disparity is age-related decreases in cerebral blood flow, which is particularly harmful for executive function performance. A critical public health question emerges from these statistics that we intend to address in this proposal: Is there an effective method for reducing or eliminating the race disparities in cognitive and brain health, and does this method work by augmenting cerebral blood flow? Fortunately, physical activity (PA) interventions may be effective at improving neurocognitive function and reducing risk for dementia. Despite these promising results, the mechanism by which PA may improve neurocognitive function remain unknown. Additionally, prior PA interventions have had few African Americans making it difficult to stratify results by race to determine whether African Americans respond to PA in a similar manner and magnitude as whites. The terms ‘physical activity’ and ‘exercise’ are often considered unpleasant, painful, and fatiguing, which can negatively influence interest, enrollment, and long- term adherence. Methods that increase PA without using the term PA (e.g., dancing) could be effective at improving health outcomes while simultaneously having a wider impact on translation and long- term adherence. Here we propose an innovative and culturally sensitive method of increasing PA in older (60- 80 yrs) African Americans. We propose a randomized intervention where 180 older African Americans are assigned to either a moderate intensity African Dance group 3 days per week (N=90) or to an African Education group 3 days per week (N=90) for 6-months. Both before and at the completion of the intervention, we will collect a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and MRI metrics of brain health and function to elucidate cerebrovascular pathways by which PA influences neurocognitive health in an African American population. This proposal has the potential to utilize community-based activities to improve health of older African Americans. In addition, it could establish a platform (i.e., dance) to implement future interventions targeting minority populations to reduce health disparities. We have three primary aims: Aim 1. Examine whether a 6- month African Dance intervention improves executive function compared to an educational control group. Aim 2. Examine whether African Dance increases cerebral blood flow in the prefrontal cortex. Aim 3. Examine whether changes in prefrontal cortex cerebral blood flow mediates the relationship between African Dance and improvements in executive function.

抽象的 非裔美国人患阿尔茨海默病的可能性几乎是白人（即白种人）的两倍 对于 65 岁以上的人来说，认知障碍的患病率为 8.8%。 白人占 23.9%，非裔美国人占 23.9%，即使在 55-64 岁的年龄段，非裔美国人也是 4 倍。 与年龄相匹配的白人相比，他们更有可能出现认知障碍。 人们认为造成这种差异的原因是与年龄相关的脑血流量减少，即 由此产生了一个关键的公共卫生问题。 我们打算在本提案中讨论的统计数据：是否有有效的方法来减少或消除 认知和大脑健康方面的种族差异，这种方法是否通过增加脑血来发挥作用 幸运的是，体力活动（PA）干预可能有效改善神经认知功能 尽管有这些令人鼓舞的结果，但 PA 可能改善的机制。 此外，之前的 PA 干预措施很少有非洲人参与。 美国人很难按种族对结果进行分层以确定非裔美国人是否对此做出反应 PA 的方式和强度与白人相似，术语“体力活动”和“锻炼”经常被提及。 被认为是不愉快、痛苦和疲劳的，这会对兴趣、入学和长期学习产生负面影响。 不使用术语 PA 来增加 PA 的方法（例如跳舞）可能会有效 改善健康结果，同时对转化和长期产生更广泛的影响 在此，我们提出了一种创新且具有文化敏感性的方法来提高老年人（60-60岁）的 PA 水平。 80 岁）非裔美国人，我们建议对 180 名老年非裔美国人进行随机干预。 被分配到每周 3 天的中等强度非洲舞蹈团 (N=90) 或非洲舞蹈团 教育组每周 3 天（N=90），持续 6 个月。 干预后，我们将收集全面的神经心理学电池和大脑健康的 MRI 指标 以及阐明 PA 影响神经认知健康的脑血管通路的功能 非裔美国人人口。该提案有可能利用基于社区的活动来 此外，它可以建立一个平台（即舞蹈）来改善老年非裔美国人的健康。 我们制定了三项针对少数群体的未来干预措施，以减少健康差距。 主要目标：目标 1. 检查 6 个月的非洲舞蹈干预是否可以改善执行功能 目标 2：检查非洲舞是否会增加脑血流量。 目标 3. 检查前额皮质脑血流的变化是否介导 非洲舞蹈与执行功能改善之间的关系。