PUBLIC POLICIES EFFECTS ON SAVING FOR RETIREMENT

公共政策对退休储蓄的影响

• 批准号: 2053057
• 负责人: WILLIAM G GALE
• 金额: $ 10.62万
• 依托单位: BROOKINGS INSTITUTION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-01 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2053057
• 关键词: disability insurance; human data; human old age (65+); income; mathematical model; model design /development; public assistance; retirement

The central goal of this research is to analyze how public policies affect saving for retirement and the financial status of the elderly. A particular goal is to assess the effectiveness of tax-based incentives for private retirement saving. A related goal is to compare the effects of mandated retirement savings plans and incentive-based plans. To accomplish this long-term objective, the research as several specific aims: (1) to develop, specify, and solve a model of how forward-looking people save and spend their income and wealth over their lifetime when faced with the need to provide for retirement saving as well as the need to save as a precaution against uncertain income and mortality risk. The lifetime focus of the model is crucial because the financial status of the elderly is the cumulative result of decisions that occur over many years. Incorporation of uncertainty has important effects at all stages of the life-cycle, but particularly for the elderly, on how saving decisions are made, and hence on how government policies affect saving for retirement. (2) To complete the validation of the model by comparing microeconomic and aggregate saving and consumption patterns generated by the model to those that can be documented from empirical sources, such as the Health and Retirement Survey. (3) To use the model to predict the effects on (i) retirement saving, (ii) the financial status of the elderly, (iii) national saving and (iv) economic efficiency, of expansion of the Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) program. Further validation of the model can be provided by exploiting the empirical literature on IRAs. (4). To estimate the effects of other enacted or proposed tax-based incentives for private saving for retirement. Examples include 4O1(k) plans, or recently proposed variants of the IRA. (5) To analyze the effects of mandated saving plans. These include an expanded Social Security program; plans based on policies in other countries, which require people to save a certain amount of their income every year, to be consumed only for specified purposes or at specified ages; and reduced government budget deficits through increased taxation (6) To provide comparisons of the policy options and examine the importance of interactions among the policies.

本研究的中心目标是分析公共政策如何影响 退休储蓄和老年人的财务状况。一个 具体目标是评估基于税收的激励措施的有效性 私人退休储蓄。一个相关的目标是比较以下效果 强制退休储蓄计划和激励计划。为了完成 为实现这一长期目标，本研究分为几个具体目标：（1） 开发、指定和解决一个模型，展示有远见的人们如何储蓄和 当面临需要时，他们会在一生中花费他们的收入和财富 提供退休储蓄以及作为储蓄者的需要 预防不确定的收入和死亡风险。一生的焦点 该模型的建立至关重要，因为老年人的经济状况是最重要的 多年决策的累积结果。注册成立 不确定性对生命周期的各个阶段都有重要影响，但是 特别是对于老年人来说，如何做出储蓄决定，因此 政府政策如何影响退休储蓄。 (2) 完成 通过比较微观经济和总体经济来验证模型 模型生成的储蓄和消费模式可以 从经验来源记录下来，例如健康和退休 民意调查。 (3) 使用模型预测对 (i) 退休的影响 储蓄，(ii) 老年人的财务状况，(iii) 国民储蓄 (iv) 扩大个人退休金的经济效率 账户 (IRA) 计划。可以提供模型的进一步验证 通过利用 IRA 的实证文献。 （4）。来估计 其他已颁布或拟议的针对私营部门的税收激励措施的影响 为退休储蓄。示例包括 4O1(k) 计划或最近提出的 IRA 的变种。 (5) 分析强制储蓄计划的效果。 其中包括扩大社会保障计划；基于政策的计划 在其他国家，要求人们储蓄一定数量的钱 每年的收入，仅用于特定目的或按时消费 指定年龄；并通过增加财政支出来减少政府预算赤字 (6) 提供政策选择的比较并审查 政策之间相互作用的重要性。