High Sensitivity Diffuse Optical Tomography of Human Brain Funciton

人脑功能的高灵敏度漫反射光学断层扫描

• 批准号: 10542802
• 负责人: JOSEPH P CULVER
• 金额: $ 54万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10542802
• 关键词: Acute; Algorithms; Anatomy; Biological Assay; Blood; Blood flow; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Calibration; Caring; Carotid Arteries; Cephalic; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrum; Clinical; Data; Development; Diameter; Diffuse; Diffusion; Edema; Event; Evolution; Fiber; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Grant; Head; Hemoglobin; Hemorrhage; Homeostasis; Hour; Human; Image; Impairment; Infarction; Intracranial Pressure; Ischemia; Ischemic Stroke; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Lasers; Light; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Modernization; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; Neurology; Noise; Optical Tomography; Optics; Patients; Pattern; Perfusion; Photic Stimulation; Photons; Positron-Emission Tomography; Premature Birth; Rattus; Research; Resolution; Scalp structure; Signal Transduction; Source; Specificity; Spectrum Analysis; Speed; System; Technical Expertise; Techniques; Time; Tissues; Translating; Traumatic Brain Injury; Work; acute stroke; arterial spin labeling; artery occlusion; cerebrovascular; cranium; data quality; density; detector; diffuse optical tomography; experience; functional near infrared spectroscopy; hypoxic ischemic injury; imaging approach; imaging modality; imprint; improved; in vivo; indexing; instrumentation; meter; neuroimaging; optical imaging; post stroke; reconstruction; respiratory challenge; sensor; spatiotemporal; statistics; stroke patient; tomography

Project Summary: This grant will develop speckle contrast optical tomography (SCOT) for imaging of cerebral blood flow dynamics in humans. Real-time maps of cerebral blood flow (CBF) at the bedside are a long sought-after assay for neuro-critical care. Most critically, regional CBF measures can indicate which brain regions may be becoming ischemic and are at danger for hypoxic-ischemic injury. Current clinical methods for imaging CBF include positron emission tomography (PET) and arterial spin labeling with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (ASL- MRI). Both modalities provide only snapshots of CBF, though, thus they miss dynamic events, which are important in many clinical scenarios including acute stroke, traumatic brain injury, and preterm birth. Non-invasive optical techniques are an attractive approach for imaging brain blood dynamics at the bedside. The most widely used non-invasive optical neuroimaging technique uses near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure fluctuations in hemoglobin concentrations. Over the last decade high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) systems have made significant advances in resolution and brain specificity making it an increasingly viable surrogate for functional MRI. However, fNIRS and HD-DOT do not measure flow directly. Separately, there have been considerable advances in laser speckle methods for measuring CBF. The most established deep tissue speckle method, diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), has been developed for in vivo tomographic imaging in rat models of focal ischemia and for monitoring brain perfusion in humans. However, in humans DCS has been limited to few spatial measurements, which precludes tomographic imaging, and by instrumentation that permits only very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurements. This proposal will address these limitations and develop speckle contrast optical tomography (SCOT), a new method for transcranial optical imaging of relative CBF in humans. SCOT allows for the use of lower speed detectors that could readily be implemented in parallel in modern scientific CMOS cameras. Aim 1 will develop SCOT instrumentation with high-density imaging arrays. Aim 2 will develop anatomically derived head models for reconstructing SCOT images. Aim 3 will validate SCOT-based measures in patients with carotid artery occlusions based on comparison to PET and ASL-MRI. Aim 4 will evaluate the longitudinal feasibility of using SCOT for imaging acute stroke. These studies will represent the culmination of several advances in functional neuroimaging made possible by the research teams’ unique combination of clinical and technical expertise across the domains of neurology, functional neuroimaging and biomedical optics.

项目概要： 这笔赠款将开发用于脑血流成像的散斑对比光学断层扫描（SCOT） 床边的实时脑血流 (CBF) 动态图长期以来一直受到人们的追捧。 最重要的是，区域 CBF 测量可以表明哪些大脑区域。 可能会发生缺血并面临缺氧缺血性损伤的危险。 CBF 成像包括正电子发射断层扫描 (PET) 和磁力动脉自旋标记 然而，共振成像（ASL-MRI）仅提供 CBF 快照，因此它们会错过。 动态事件，在许多临床场景中都很重要，包括急性中风、脑外伤 非侵入性光学技术是脑成像的一种有吸引力的方法。 最广泛使用的非侵入性光学神经成像技术使用床边的血液动力学。 近红外光谱 (NIRS) 用于测量过去血红蛋白浓度的波动。 十年来高密度漫射光学断层扫描（HD-DOT）系统在以下方面取得了重大进展： 分辨率和大脑特异性使其成为功能性 MRI 越来越可行的替代品。 fNIRS 和 HD-DOT 不直接测量流量，但在这方面已经取得了相当大的进步。 用于测量 CBF 的激光散斑方法 最成熟的深层组织散斑方法，漫反射。 相关光谱 (DCS) 已开发用于大鼠模型的体内断层扫描成像 局灶性缺血和监测人类脑灌注。 然而，在人类中，DCS 仅限于很少的空间测量，这排除了断层扫描 成像，以及仅允许非常低的信噪比（SNR）测量的仪器。 该提案将解决这些限制并开发散斑对比光学断层扫描（SCOT），这是一种 人类相对 CBF 经颅光学成像的新方法允许使用较低的 速度检测器可以很容易地在现代科学 CMOS 相机 Aim 1 中并行实现。 将开发具有高密度成像阵列的 SCOT 仪器 Aim 2 将进行解剖学开发。 用于重建 SCOT 图像的衍生头部模型将验证基于 SCOT 的测量。 颈动脉闭塞患者将根据 PET 和 ASL-MRI 的比较进行评估。 这些研究将代表使用 SCOT 对急性卒中进行成像的纵向可行性。 研究团队的研究使功能性神经影像学的多项进展达到顶峰 跨神经学、功能学等领域的临床和技术专业知识的独特组合 神经影像和生物医学光学。